Collaborative Research: Luwian-Roman Interaction in Western Rough Cilicia

合作研究：西里西亚地区卢维安与罗马的相互作用

• 批准号: 0080029
• 负责人: Nicholas Rauh
• 金额: $ 9.49万
• 依托单位: Purdue Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-07-01 至 2004-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0080029&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Luwian; Roman; Interaction

With National Science Foundation support Drs. LuAnn Wandsnider, Nicholas Rauh and an international group of collaborators will conduct archaeological research in the Western Rough Cilicia region of Turkey. Located in the Eastern Mediterranean the area was famous both as a pirate base and for the tenacity with which it resisted incorporation into the succession of empires which sought to dominate this large Near Eastern region. During the first and second centuries BC pirates reportedly amassed 1000 warships and 30,000 combatants and extended their naval operations and depredations throughout the Mediterranean, roving as far as Italy and Spain. In 67 BC the Roman general Pompey temporarily eliminated the pirate menace and in 71 AD the region was formally incorporated into the Roman empire. Although literary sources attest to this fact, it is unclear to what extent the Rough Cilicia maintained a degree of autonomy or the nature of the relationship between this peripheral area and the core of the Roman empire. Through archaeological research the investigators will study the changes in social organization which took place after incorporation and the evidence for direct Roman presence in the area. To meet these objectives they will develop a ceramic reference collection which will allow dating of individual sites. They will conduct a coarse grained foot survey (supplemented by remote sensing and interview with local inhabitants) and will document architectural sites to establish stylistic conventions and construction and remodeling sequences for domestic, fortification, religious and industrial structures. They will also carry out a preliminary paleoenvironmental studies to determine whether detailed environmental reconstruction is possible. If so, this will establish the groundwork for looking at utilization and degradation of the landscape.Empires arose independently in many regions of the world and archaeologists wish to understand the processes which underlay their origins and the functioning. By definition, power rests with a central ethnic group which attempts to extend control - usually through actual or implied use of force - over the maximum area possible. At the same time subject peoples try to retain as much autonomy as possible. Researchers have posited multiple strategies both for the conqueror and the conquered and Rough Cilicia provides an excellent context to evaluate them.

在国家科学基金会的支持下，LuAnn Wandsnider博士，Nicholas Rauh和一个国际合作者小组将在土耳其的Western Rough Cilicia地区进行考古研究。该地区位于东地中海，以海盗基地和顽强抵抗并入试图统治这一大片近东地区的帝国继承而闻名。在公元前1世纪和公元前2世纪，据说海盗聚集了1000艘战舰和30，000名战斗人员，并将他们的海军行动和掠夺扩展到整个地中海，最远漫游到意大利和西班牙。公元前67年，罗马将军庞培暂时消除了海盗的威胁，公元71年，该地区正式并入罗马帝国。虽然文献资料证明了这一事实，但目前尚不清楚粗糙的西里西亚在多大程度上保持了一定程度的自治，也不清楚这个边缘地区与罗马帝国核心之间的关系。通过考古研究，调查人员将研究合并后发生的社会组织变化以及罗马人在该地区直接存在的证据。为了实现这些目标，他们将开发一个陶瓷参考收集，这将允许个别网站的日期。他们将进行粗粒度的脚调查（辅以遥感和与当地居民的访谈），并将记录建筑遗址，以确定住宅、防御工事、宗教和工业建筑的风格惯例以及建造和改建顺序。他们还将进行初步的古环境研究，以确定是否有可能进行详细的环境重建。如果是这样的话，这将为研究景观的利用和退化奠定基础。帝国在世界许多地区独立兴起，考古学家希望了解它们的起源和运作的过程。根据定义，权力掌握在一个中心族裔群体手中，该群体试图将控制-通常是通过实际或暗示使用武力-扩大到尽可能大的地区。与此同时，受统治的人民试图保留尽可能多的自治权。研究者为征服者和被征服者提出了多种策略，粗糙的西里西亚提供了一个很好的背景来评估它们。