Doctoral Dissertation Research: Landscape and Soil Evolution in Patterned Ground on a Recently Deglaciated Terrain in Jotunheimen, Norway

博士论文研究：挪威尤通黑门最近消融的地形上图案地面的景观和土壤演化

• 批准号: 0081295
• 负责人: Susan Beatty
• 金额: $ 1万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-08-15 至 2003-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0081295&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Landscape; Soil

The origin of landforms and soils along temporal landscape gradients long has been a topic of study and speculation in geomorphology, soil science, and related fields. This is true for sub-Arctic areas that were covered by glaciers until very late in the Pleistocene. While considerable attention has been given to analyzing the dates and processes that formed moraines and other landforms as well as soils, far less attention has been given to integrated examinations that link the development of micro-scale landform and soils with vegetational succession. This doctoral dissertation research project will investigate the geoecological controls on micro-scale landscape evolution in the late-Holocene deglaciated terrain of Jotunheimen in south-central Norway. The study will focus on local environmental parameters that were conducive for the formation of patterned ground initially after deglaciation, with attention also given to the processes that led to vegetation succession and soil development in the micro-scale (from 0.5 m to 3 m) patterned ground landforms. The central hypotheses of this project are that significant micro-scale soil development differences occur within patterned ground and are positively correlated to vegetation succession. Vegetation tends to establish itself on the periphery of patterned ground structures due to decreased frost activity. The biotic effects interrelated with the physical environmental parameters will be increasingly detectable in terms of soil genesis within patterned ground along a chronosequence transect. The project will include field work in two glacial forelands within the mountainous area of Jotunheimen. Extensive data are available on postglacial surface ages in the terrains before the Storbreen and Slettmarkbreen glaciers. This project will use these data in addition to data gathered through the excavation of soil pits. Vegetation also will be sampled to obtain measures of species composition, diversity, and coverage (biomass indicator). The results of this project will provide new insights into rapid landscape evolution induced by environmental change. Specifically, this study will contribute to the understanding of factors controlling soil formation, particularly the vegetation factor, and it will elucidate the ecological process of succession as controlled by substrate. This knowledge may then allow for predictions of future landscape changes in other mountainous areas. As a Doctoral Dissertation Research Improvement award, this award also will provide support to enable a promising student to establish a strong independent research career.

地貌和土壤沿着时间景观梯度的起源一直是地貌学、土壤学及其相关领域研究和推测的主题。 这是真实的亚北极地区，被冰川覆盖，直到很晚的更新世。 虽然相当多的注意力已经给予分析的日期和过程，形成冰碛和其他地貌以及土壤，很少注意已经给予综合检查，连接的发展，微尺度地貌和土壤与植被演替。 本博士论文研究项目将探讨在晚全新世冰川消退的地形Jotunheimen在挪威中南部的微尺度景观演变的地质生态控制。 这项研究将侧重于有助于在冰川消退后最初形成图案化地面的当地环境参数，同时也关注导致微型（0.5米至3米）图案化地面地貌中植被演替和土壤发育的过程。 该项目的中心假设是，显着的微尺度土壤发育差异发生在图案化的地面和植被演替呈正相关。 由于霜冻活动的减少，植被往往会在图案化的地面结构的外围建立起来。 与物理环境参数相关的生物效应将越来越多地检测到土壤发生在图案地面沿着时序样带。 该项目将包括在Jotunheimen山区内的两个冰川前地进行实地工作。 大量的数据可在冰后期的表面年龄在地形之前的Storbreen和Sundamarkbreen冰川。 除了通过挖掘土坑收集的数据外，该项目还将使用这些数据。 还将对植被进行取样，以衡量物种组成、多样性和覆盖率（生物量指标）。 该项目的结果将为环境变化引起的快速景观演变提供新的见解。 具体而言，这项研究将有助于了解控制土壤形成的因素，特别是植被因素，它将阐明生态过程中的演替控制基板。 这一知识可以用来预测其他山区未来的地貌变化。 作为博士论文研究改进奖，该奖项还将提供支持，使有前途的学生建立一个强大的独立的研究生涯。