Assessment of the Damage to Critical Industrial Facilities in the 1999 Kocaeli (Izmit) Earthquake in Turkey

本研究的目的是探讨1999年土耳其伊兹密特地震中两类关键工业设施的失效情况。一般任务是：研究地震中失效的冷却塔和烟囱的非线性时程响应；将预测的响应与现场观测进行比较；并评估当前设计方法的充分性。研究将分阶段进行，初步考虑可获得数据的美国类似结构。然后，研究将集中在土耳其的实际结构上，将选择一种类型进行更详细的评估。烟囱的故障被认为是在壳壁大洞附近开始的，而冷却塔则是柱子故障。在使用相对简单的模型的初始研究中，将确定典型结构的动力特性，以便可以执行反应谱分析，然后进行局部应力分析。对于选定的结构进行进一步评估，考虑系统的非线性特性，进行动力分析。

CMS-0084737GouldThe object of this research is to explore the failures of two types of critical industrial facilities during the 1999 Kocaeli(Izmit) Earthquake in Turkey.The general tasks are: to study the nonlinear time history response of cooling towers and stacks which failed during the earthquake; to compare the predicted response with the field observations; and to evaluate the adequacy of current design procedures.The research will be conducted in phases, initially considering similar structures in the U.S. for which data is obtainable. Then, the research will focus on the actual structures in Turkey, for which one type will be selected for a more detailed evaluation.The failures of the stacks are thought to have initiated in the vicinity of large holes in the shell wall while the cooling towers suffered column failures. In the initial studies using relatively simple models, the dynamic characteristics of the representative structures will be determined so that a response spectrum analysis can be performed, followed by a local stress analysis. For the structure selected for further evaluation, the dynamic analysis will be carried out considering the nonlinear characteristic of the system.