A Hydromechanical Drilling System for Obtaining Rock and Sediment Samples from Under Deep Glacier Ice

用于从深层冰川冰下获取岩石和沉积物样本的水力机械钻井系统

• 批准号: 0085245
• 负责人: Barclay Kamb
• 金额: $ 30.65万
• 依托单位: California Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-03-01 至 2001-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0085245&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Hydromechanical; Drilling; System; Obtaining; Rock

ABSTRACTKamb- 0085245This award supports the development of a new core-drilling system for obtaining samples of bedrock and glacial sediment from beneath the Antarctic Ice Sheet, with applicability to arctic glaciers and the Greenland Ice Sheet. Such samples are needed for a wide variety of investigations of antarctic and arctic geology, geochemistry, glaciology and geobiology. Examples are studies of sedimentary and volcanic rocks of the West Antarctic rift system, studies of the fast-moving West Antarctic ice streams, and microbiological studies of life under the extreme conditions at the basal ice-bedrock contact. The core-drilling capability will make it possible to carry out such investigations over the 98% of the Antarctic continent that is covered by the ice sheet and thus has been inaccessible for sampling up to now. The system involves the coupling of two proven drilling technologies that are both based on a source of high-pressure water: 1) hot-water jet drilling to drill rapidly through the ice, and 2) hydromechanical rotary drilling to drill into the underlying sediments or bedrock.

该奖项支持开发一种新的岩心钻探系统，用于从南极冰盖下获取基岩和冰川沉积物样本，该系统适用于北极冰川和格陵兰冰盖。南极和北极地质学、地球化学、冰川学和地质生物学的各种调查都需要这些样品。例如对南极西部裂谷系统的沉积岩和火山岩的研究，对快速移动的南极西部冰流的研究，以及对基底冰-基岩接触处极端条件下生命的微生物学研究。钻芯能力将使对南极大陆98%的地区进行此类调查成为可能，这些地区被冰盖覆盖，因此迄今为止无法进行采样。该系统将两种经过验证的钻井技术结合在一起，这两种技术都基于高压水源：1)热水喷射钻井，快速钻穿冰层；2)流体机械旋转钻井，钻入下面的沉积物或基岩。