ITR: Sustainable and Generalizable Technologies to Support Collaboration in Science

合作实验室是一种新的组织形式，旨在帮助地理上分散的科学家紧密合作。许多合作实验室已经建立，它们的成功和失败都是由于尚未完全综合的技术和社会因素的结合造成的。该项目将定义、抽象和编纂导致成功合作的底层技术和社会机制。它将提供在各种情况下传播和维持合作的词汇、相关原则和设计方法。该项目将加强科学实践和新科学家的培训。这些目标将通过三项协调一致的活动来实现：（1）协作设计和使用的定性和定量研究，检查性能的技术和社会方面； (2) 创建和维护合作知识库、可通过网络访问的主要来源材料、摘要和摘要以及相关概括和原则的档案、合作资源数据库以及其他相关材料； (3) 原则、启发式和框架的抽象和编纂，以指导成功协作的快速创建和部署，包括设计或定制原则。

Collaboratories are new organizational forms to help scientists who are geographically dispersed to work closely together. A number of collaboratories have been built, and their successes and failures have been due to a combination of technical and social factors not yet fully synthesized. This project will define, abstract, and codify the underlying technical and social mechanisms that lead to successful collaboratories. It will provide the vocabulary, associated principles, and design methods for propagating and sustaining collaboratories across a wide range of circumstances. This project will enhance both the practice of science and the training of new scientists. These goals will be achieved through three coordinated activities: (1) The qualitative and quantitative study of collaboratory design and usage, examining both technical and social aspects of performance; (2) creation and maintenance of a Collaboratory Knowledge Base, a Web-accessible archive of primary source material, summaries and abstracts, and relevant generalizations and principles, a database of collaboratory resources, and other related material; and (3) the abstraction and codification of principles, heuristics, and frameworks to guide the rapid creation and deployment of successful collaboratories, including principles of design or customization.