Digital Government: Software Architectures for Microsimulation of Urban Development, Transportation, and Environmental Impact

EIA-0090832Alan BorningUniversity of Washington TITLE：城市发展、交通和环境影响微观模拟的软件体系结构土地利用模式和可用的交通系统在决定城市地区的经济活力、宜居性和可持续性方面发挥着关键作用。交通与土地利用之间存在着强烈的相互作用，不同的交通系统产生了不同的土地利用方式，同时不同的土地利用方式也产生了对不同交通系统的需求。土地使用和交通运输都对环境有重大影响，特别是对排放、资源消耗和开放空间。政府政策和投资以许多复杂的、有时是意想不到的方式影响土地利用和交通运输的模式。这项提议将开发一个完全分解的微观模拟系统，用于模拟城市发展和政府投资以及与交通、土地利用和环境有关的政策。技术支持可通过使城市规划者和利益攸关方能够考虑不同的情景--一揽子可能的政策和投资--然后根据这些备选方案，模拟这些情景对二十年或更长时期城市增长和重建、交通使用和资源消耗模式的影响，从而在促进关于这些问题的知情的公民讨论和辩论方面发挥关键作用。这项建议将集中在两个相关的计算机科学领域：在设计和构建如此大型、复杂的模型时出现的软件工程问题，以及在使用它时出现的人机交互问题。一系列政府伙伴关系是这项研究不可或缺的一部分。在联邦一级，联邦公路管理局和联邦运输管理局(都是交通部的单位)作出了承诺，在地方一级，负责土地使用和交通规划的政府组织--普吉特湾地区委员会作出了承诺。

EIA-0090832Alan BorningUniversity of WashingtonTITLE: Software Architectures for Microsimulation of Urban Development, Transportation and Environmental ImpactPatterns of land use and available transportation systems play critical role in determining the economic vitality, livability, and sustainability of urban areas. Transportation interacts strongly with land use; different kinds of transportation systems induce different patterns of land use, while at the same time, different kinds of land use induce demands for different kinds of transportation systems. Both land use and transportation have substantial environmental effects, in particular on emissions, resource consumption and open space. Government policies and investments affect patterns of land use and transportation in many complex and sometimes unintended ways.This proposal will develop a fully disaggregated Microsimulation system for modeling urban development and government investments and policies related to transportation, land use and environment. Technical support can play a critical role in fostering informed civic deliberation and debate on these issues by allowing urban planners and stakeholders to be able to consider different scenarios-packages of possible policies and investments-and then, based on these alternatives, model the effects of these scenarios on patterns of urban growth and redevelopment, of transportation usage, and resource consumption, over periods of twenty or more years. This proposal will concentrate on two related computer science areas; the software engineering issues that arise in the design and construction of such a large, complex model, and the human computer interaction issues that arise in using it.A set of government partnerships is an integral part of this research. At the federal level, there are commitments from the Federal Highway Administration and the Federal Transit Administration (both units in the Department of Transportation), and at the local level, from the Puget Sound Regional Council, the governmental organization charged with land use and transportation planning.