Digital Government: Software Architectures for Microsimulation of Urban Development, Transportation, and Environmental Impact

数字政府：城市发展、交通和环境影响微观模拟的软件架构

• 批准号: 0090832
• 负责人: Alan Borning
• 金额: $ 60万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-15 至 2004-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0090832&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Digital; Government; Software; Architectures; Microsimulation

EIA-0090832Alan BorningUniversity of WashingtonTITLE: Software Architectures for Microsimulation of Urban Development, Transportation and Environmental ImpactPatterns of land use and available transportation systems play critical role in determining the economic vitality, livability, and sustainability of urban areas. Transportation interacts strongly with land use; different kinds of transportation systems induce different patterns of land use, while at the same time, different kinds of land use induce demands for different kinds of transportation systems. Both land use and transportation have substantial environmental effects, in particular on emissions, resource consumption and open space. Government policies and investments affect patterns of land use and transportation in many complex and sometimes unintended ways.This proposal will develop a fully disaggregated Microsimulation system for modeling urban development and government investments and policies related to transportation, land use and environment. Technical support can play a critical role in fostering informed civic deliberation and debate on these issues by allowing urban planners and stakeholders to be able to consider different scenarios-packages of possible policies and investments-and then, based on these alternatives, model the effects of these scenarios on patterns of urban growth and redevelopment, of transportation usage, and resource consumption, over periods of twenty or more years. This proposal will concentrate on two related computer science areas; the software engineering issues that arise in the design and construction of such a large, complex model, and the human computer interaction issues that arise in using it.A set of government partnerships is an integral part of this research. At the federal level, there are commitments from the Federal Highway Administration and the Federal Transit Administration (both units in the Department of Transportation), and at the local level, from the Puget Sound Regional Council, the governmental organization charged with land use and transportation planning.

EIA-0090832艾伦·博宁华盛顿大学标题：城市发展、交通和环境影响微观模拟的软件架构土地利用模式和可用交通系统在确定城市地区的经济活力、宜居性和可持续性方面发挥着关键作用。 交通与土地利用密切相关；不同类型的交通系统引发不同的土地利用模式，同时，不同类型的土地利用又引发对不同类型交通系统的需求。 土地使用和交通都会对环境产生重大影响，特别是在排放、资源消耗和开放空间方面。 政府政策和投资以多种复杂且有时是意想不到的方式影响土地使用和交通模式。该提案将开发一个完全分类的微观模拟系统，用于对城市发展以及与交通、土地使用和环境相关的政府投资和政策进行建模。 技术支持可以在促进对这些问题进行知情的公民审议和辩论方面发挥关键作用，让城市规划者和利益相关者能够考虑不同的情景（可能的政策和投资组合），然后根据这些替代方案，模拟这些情景对二十年或更长时间内城市增长和再开发、交通使用和资源消耗模式的影响。 该提案将集中于两个相关的计算机科学领域；设计和构建如此庞大、复杂的模型时出现的软件工程问题，以及使用该模型时出现的人机交互问题。一系列政府合作伙伴关系是这项研究的组成部分。 在联邦层面，联邦公路管理局和联邦运输管理局（均为交通部下属单位）做出了承诺；在地方层面，普吉特海湾地区委员会（负责土地使用和交通规划的政府组织）做出了承诺。