The Motion-Picture Production Complex of Hollywood: Agglomeration, Industrial Dualism, and the Global Market

好莱坞电影制作复合体：集聚、产业二元论和全球市场

• 批准号: 0091921
• 负责人: Allen Scott
• 金额: $ 14万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-04-15 至 2004-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0091921&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Motion; Picture; Production; Complex; Hollywood

This project involves an investigation of the spatial and functional logic of the motion-picture industry in Los Angeles. Particular attention will be paid to locational agglomeration and dispersal tendencies in the industry, to the organization of production as a dualistic system of majors and independents, and to the role of distribution in sustaining the economic vibrancy of the entire motion-picture production system. The goals of the project are not only to understand the complexities of this particular case, but to contribute more generally to the our knowledge of cultural industries and their basis in globalizing urban-based production systems. Three major lines of inquiry will be pursued: (1) How is the motion-picture industry of Los Angeles organized in terms of the changing social division of labor? What are the geographical forces that keep the industry locked in to the central agglomeration of Hollywood? Conversely, what is the current level of runaway production from Hollywood, and what factors encourage this phenomenon? (2) What are the roles of majors and independents, their relations, and their impacts on the economic and locational dynamics of the industry? (3) How is the distribution of the products of Hollywood's motion-picture agglomeration organized and how does the distribution system help to consolidate (or undermine) the competitive supremacy of this agglomeration? The project will conduct a mail and email survey of over 1200 motion-picture companies, followed by interviews of selected company representatives.This research will provide a comprehensive and reasoned description of one of America's largest and most enigmatic industrial agglomerations. It will show, in particular, how the dynamics of a major industrial cluster are shaped by global markets, and conversely, how global markets themselves can be contested on the basis of competitive advantages residing for the most part in localized clusters of production.

这个项目包括对洛杉矶电影产业的空间和功能逻辑的调查。 将特别注意该行业的位置聚集和分散趋势，生产组织作为专业和独立的二元系统，以及分配在维持整个电影生产系统的经济活力中的作用。 该项目的目标不仅是了解这一特殊情况的复杂性，而且更广泛地促进我们对文化产业及其在全球化城市生产系统中的基础的了解。 本书将探讨三个主要问题：（1）洛杉矶的电影业是如何在不断变化的社会分工中组织起来的？ 是什么样的地理力量将电影业锁定在好莱坞的中心聚集地？ 相反，好莱坞目前的失控生产水平如何，是什么因素助长了这种现象？ (2)什么是专业和独立的角色，他们的关系，以及他们对该行业的经济和位置动态的影响？ (3)好莱坞电影产业集群的产品分销是如何组织的？分销体系如何帮助巩固（或削弱）这个集群的竞争优势？ 该项目将对1200多家电影公司进行邮件和电子邮件调查，然后对选定的公司代表进行采访。这项研究将对美国最大和最神秘的工业聚集区之一进行全面和合理的描述。 它将特别表明，全球市场如何影响一个主要工业集群的动态，反过来，如何根据大部分存在于本地化生产集群中的竞争优势来争夺全球市场本身。