Data Embedding, the Method of Types, and Universal Receivers

信息隐藏领域包括隐写术和水印，前者将消息隐藏在另一个数据流中，后者将所有权数据包括在要保护的数字对象中。信息隐藏的第三个领域是数据嵌入领域，其中通过使用密钥并对原始对象进行(轻微)扭曲来将附加信息合并到传输的数据流中。如果没有密钥，嵌入的信息将无法重建。我们提出了一种全新的基于类型和通用接收器设计的数据嵌入方法。在该方法中，使用类型法在原始数据流中嵌入新的数据序列，并使用基于类型的通用接收器提取嵌入的数据。嵌入数据的类型和速率的选择基于对原始数据流的部分的分析。通用接收器仅从接收的数据中学习类型，因此，不存在先前的数据嵌入技术中的辅助信息。嵌入过程和接收方都是数据自适应的，因此可以无差错地重构原始数据流，通过分析原始数据流有利于数据嵌入的特征，通过研究哪些技术允许最高数据速率嵌入，以及通过检查嵌入数据速率和嵌入数据中的错误之间的权衡，来研究这种方法对数据嵌入的基本限制。这种数据嵌入方法提供了在不改变分配的带宽的情况下扩展许多现有的有线和无线电信链路的传输数据速率的可能性。

The field of information hiding includes steganography, where a message is concealed in another data stream, and watermarking, where ownership data is included in a digital object to be protected. A third field of information hiding is the field of data embedding, wherein additional information is incorporated in the transmitted data stream by using a key and distorting (slightly) the original object. The embedded information cannot be reconstructed without the key. We propose an entirely new approach to data embedding based upon the method of types and universal receiver design. In our approach, a new data sequence is embedded in the original data stream using the method of types, and the embedded data is extracted using a type-based universal receiver. The choice of type and rate for the embedded data is based upon an analysis of portions of the original data stream. The universal receiver learns the type from the received data alone, and hence, there is no side information as in previous data embedding techniques. The embedding process and the receiver are both data adaptive, so the original data stream can be reconstructed without error.We investigate the fundamental limits of this approach to data embedding by analyzing the characteristics of the original data stream that facilitate data embedding, by studying which techniques allow the highest data rates to be embedded, and by examining the tradeoffs between embedded data rate and errors in the embedded data. This approach to data embedding offers the possibility of expanding the delivered data rate of many existing telecommunications links, both wired and wireless, without changing allocated bandwidths.