Data Embedding, the Method of Types, and Universal Receivers

信息隐藏的领域包括隐写术和水印，其中隐写术将消息隐藏在另一个数据流中，水印将所有权数据包括在要保护的数字对象中。信息隐藏的第三个领域是数据嵌入领域，其中通过使用密钥并（轻微地）扭曲原始对象，将附加信息并入所传输的数据流中。如果没有密钥，嵌入的信息就无法重建。我们提出了一个全新的方法，数据嵌入的基础上的方法的类型和通用的接收器设计。在我们的方法中，一个新的数据序列被嵌入到原始数据流使用类型的方法，并使用基于类型的通用接收器提取嵌入的数据。嵌入数据的类型和速率的选择基于对原始数据流的部分的分析。通用接收器仅从接收到的数据学习类型，因此，不存在如在先前的数据嵌入技术中的边信息。嵌入过程和接收器都是数据自适应的，所以原始数据流可以重建没有错误，我们调查的基本限制，这种方法的数据嵌入通过分析的原始数据流，促进数据嵌入的特性，通过研究哪些技术允许最高的数据速率被嵌入，并通过检查嵌入的数据速率和嵌入的数据中的错误之间的权衡。这种数据嵌入方法提供了在不改变分配带宽的情况下扩展许多现有有线和无线电信链路的传输数据速率的可能性。

The field of information hiding includes steganography, where a message is concealed in another data stream, and watermarking, where ownership data is included in a digital object to be protected. A third field of information hiding is the field of data embedding, wherein additional information is incorporated in the transmitted data stream by using a key and distorting (slightly) the original object. The embedded information cannot be reconstructed without the key. We propose an entirely new approach to data embedding based upon the method of types and universal receiver design. In our approach, a new data sequence is embedded in the original data stream using the method of types, and the embedded data is extracted using a type-based universal receiver. The choice of type and rate for the embedded data is based upon an analysis of portions of the original data stream. The universal receiver learns the type from the received data alone, and hence, there is no side information as in previous data embedding techniques. The embedding process and the receiver are both data adaptive, so the original data stream can be reconstructed without error.We investigate the fundamental limits of this approach to data embedding by analyzing the characteristics of the original data stream that facilitate data embedding, by studying which techniques allow the highest data rates to be embedded, and by examining the tradeoffs between embedded data rate and errors in the embedded data. This approach to data embedding offers the possibility of expanding the delivered data rate of many existing telecommunications links, both wired and wireless, without changing allocated bandwidths.