Gender, Culture, and the State: Family Policy in Conservative Countries

性别、文化和国家：保守国家的家庭政策

• 批准号: 0095251
• 负责人: Joya Misra
• 金额: $ 11.08万
• 依托单位: University of Massachusetts Amherst
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-06-01 至 2004-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0095251&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Gender; Culture; State; Family; Policy

Family policies play a critical role in lowering poverty rates for families with children, in particular for single parent families, and affect whether women pursue employment when children are young. Why do some countries provide more generous support for families than others? How do these policies relate to female work, gender equality, and religious values of nations? This project answers these questions through the study of the development of family policy in three conservative regimes (France, Germany, and the Netherlands) that profess a strong commitment to the support of families. Taking a comparative-historical approach, it analyzes similarities and differences in these three family policy traditions in order to understand better both the origins and outcomes of these traditions. In so doing, it addresses debates over the causal importance of social Catholic ideology, pro-natalism, political parties, and women's movements to public polices.Specifically, the project analyzes family policy legislation (both successful and failed) in France, Germany, and the Netherlands from 1950 through 2000. By gathering data on family allowances, parental leave, child care, tax benefits, child support, and benefits to single parents, the analysis provides a history of family policies in each nation, compares family policies across the three nations, and estimates quantitative time-series models of changes in policies over time. The methods thus test for possible causes of family policies across the nations, and the project contributes more broadly to the understanding of the sources of public policies.

家庭政策在降低有子女家庭，特别是单亲家庭的贫困率方面发挥着关键作用，并影响到妇女在子女年幼时是否寻求就业。 为什么有些国家对家庭的支持比其他国家更慷慨？ 这些政策与女性工作、性别平等和各国的宗教价值观有何关系？ 该项目通过研究三个保守政权（法国、德国和荷兰）家庭政策的发展来回答这些问题，这三个政权都表示坚决致力于支持家庭。 本文以比较历史的方法，分析这三种家庭政策传统的异同，以更好地了解这些传统的起源和结果。 在这样做的时候，它解决了社会天主教意识形态的因果关系的重要性，亲生育，政党和妇女运动的公共policy.Specifically，该项目分析了家庭政策的立法（成功和失败）在法国，德国，荷兰从1950年到2000年。 通过收集有关家庭津贴、育儿假、儿童保育、税收优惠、儿童抚养费和单亲福利的数据，分析提供了每个国家家庭政策的历史，比较了三个国家的家庭政策，并估计了政策随时间变化的定量时间序列模型。 因此，这些方法测试了各国家庭政策的可能原因，该项目有助于更广泛地了解公共政策的来源。