Collaborative Research: Party Effects in Congress

政治学家长期以来一直试图衡量和描述政党对国会议员的行为和政策选择的适度和偶然的影响。他们这样做，没有具体说明反映各方可能影响选择的多种方式的模型。在这项调查中，研究人员：1)直接模拟政党效应的替代形式；2)扩展对整个内战后时期的分析，以涵盖可能与不同形式的政党影响力有关的各种规则和党派制度；3)比较不同机构竞争(众议院和参议院)中的偏好和政党效应；以及5)比较“必须通过立法”中的偏好和政党效应，以及在相当大的队伍倾向于回归点的法案中。这个项目大大加强了我们对这个话题的理解，并产生了一个数据库，将供许多其他对这个话题感兴趣的学者使用。

Political scientists have long attempted to measure and describe the modest and contingent effects of party on the behavior of members of Congress and on policy choices. They have done so without specifying models that reflect the multiple ways in which parties might influence choice. In this investigation, the researchers: 1) directly model alternative forms of party effects; 2) extend the analysis for the entire post-Civil War period in order to encompass the various rules and partisan regimes that might be associated with different forms of party influence; 3) compare preference and party effects in different institutional contests (House and Senate); and, 5) compare preference and party effects in "must pass legislation" and in bills where a sizable contingent prefers the reversion point.This project enhances substantially our understanding of the topic and produces a database that will be of use for numerous other scholars interested in the topic.