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Doctoral Dissertation Research: International Trade Policy in the Age of Globalization

博士论文研究：全球化时代的国际贸易政策

基本信息

批准号：
0101082
负责人：
Craig Calhoun
金额：
$ 0.75万
依托单位：
New York University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2001-05-15 至 2003-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0101082&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Doctoral Dissertation Research International Trade

项目摘要

The last 30 years have witnessed a major transformation in American Trade Policy. Until the 1970s, the U.S. government used high tariffs and import quotas to protect troubled industries. Starting in the mid-1970s, those were replaced with 'fair trade' policies, a modified form of protectionism. However, government success in including these new policies under GATT has varied considerably across industries. This project attempts to explain why the U.S. government has changed its trade policy preferences, and why its ability to turn these preferences into official policies has varied. In so doing, it sheds light on how states deal with global forces, international relations, and domestic institutions in developing policy.To reach these goals, the project gathers data from archival and secondary sources, such as government reports, trade journals, Congressional hearings, GATT publications, and interviews with key figures, to compare trade policy both over time and across industries. The over-time component compares trade policies and international agreements formed in the 1960s/1970s with those formed in the 1980s. The cross-industry component compares policy trajectories in textiles, steel, and civil aircraft -- three industries that have gone through economic difficulties and experienced a significant shift in the trade policies affecting their products.

过去30年见证了美国贸易政策的重大转变。直到20世纪70年代，美国政府一直使用高关税和进口配额来保护陷入困境的行业。从20世纪70年代中期开始，这些政策被“公平贸易”政策所取代，这是一种经过修改的保护主义形式。然而，政府在将这些新政策纳入《关贸总协定》方面取得的成功在各行业之间有很大差异。本项目试图解释为什么美国政府改变了其贸易政策偏好，以及为什么其将这些偏好转化为官方政策的能力有所不同。为了实现这些目标，该项目从政府报告、贸易期刊、国会听证会、GATT出版物和关键人物访谈等档案和二手资料中收集数据，以比较不同时期和不同行业的贸易政策。长期部分比较了1960/1970年代和1980年代形成的贸易政策和国际协定。跨行业部分比较了纺织、钢铁和民用飞机的政策轨迹，这三个行业经历了经济困难，并经历了影响其产品的贸易政策的重大转变。