Droplet Activation in Cloud Updrafts
云上升气流中的液滴激活
基本信息
- 批准号:0103951
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 19.4万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:2001
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2001-04-15 至 2004-03-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Computer models of clouds and climate rest on assumptions that relate aerosol particles to the cloud droplets that form on them. Observations have revealed uncertainties in these relationships. For example, the concentration of cloud droplets computed from the measured sizes and chemical composition of aerosol particles usually overestimates the observed concentration. The aerosols that are capable of serving as centers for drop formation are the ones with an affinity for water (hygroscopic). Of these, the particles important for natural clouds in the atmosphere are those on which droplets form at relatively low values of ambient supersaturation. The cloud-nucleating ability of an aerosol population is measured by instruments called cloud condensation nucleus counters (CCN counters), which record the number of cloud droplets formed per unit volume of air as a function of the applied supersaturation. This project is an investigation of droplet formation in different types of clouds based on airborne observations with a CCN counter and other equipment. The work will be conducted as part of two field projects that are independently supported by NSF: DYCOMS-II, a study of marine stratocumulus clouds off the coast of California in July 2001; and a Wyoming-based study of continental cumulus clouds in the summer of 2002. The main objective of DYCOMS-II (Dynamics and Chemistry of Marine Stratocumulus) is to obtain high-resolution aircraft data (using the NCAR C-130) on temperature, humidity, vertical air velocity, and cloud properties, that can be used for validating large-eddy simulations of mixing processes in the marine boundary layer. This project contributes to DYCOMS by providing CCN measurements and the study of aerosol-droplet relationships. Likewise, it is an important component of the continental cloud study, based on observations with the Wyoming King Air aircraft. In both of these field projects, the airborne Wyoming Cloud Radar (a mm-wavelength Doppler radar) will be employed for measurements of vertical air motion near cloud base, a parameter that is needed to test the theoretical relationship between the activity spectra of CCN and the drops they produce. This information has not been available in previous aerosol studies, and may help to resolve some of the reported discrepancies between aerosol properties and droplet counts. The ultimate goal of the research is to improve the parameterization of clouds in large-scale models of atmospheric circulation and climate.
云和气候的计算机模型依赖于将气溶胶粒子与形成于其上的云滴联系起来的假设。观察表明,这些关系存在不确定性。例如,根据气溶胶粒子的测量尺寸和化学成分计算的云滴浓度通常会高估观测浓度。能够作为液滴形成中心的气溶胶是对水具有亲和力(吸湿性)的气溶胶。其中,对大气中的自然云很重要的粒子是那些在相对较低的环境过饱和值下形成液滴的粒子。气溶胶的云成核能力是通过云凝结核计数器(CCN计数器)来测量的,它记录了每单位体积空气中形成的云滴数量,作为应用过饱和度的函数。该项目是一项利用云凝结核计数器和其他设备进行空中观测的基础上,对不同类型云中的水滴形成进行调查的项目。这项工作将作为由NSF独立支持的两个实地项目的一部分进行:DYCOMS-II,2001年7月对加州海岸外海洋层积云的研究;以及2002年夏季对怀俄明州大陆积云的研究。DYCOMS-II(海洋层积云的动力学和化学)的主要目标是获得高分辨率的飞机数据(使用NCAR C-130)的温度,湿度,垂直空气速度和云的属性,可用于验证在海洋边界层混合过程的大涡模拟。该项目通过提供云凝结核测量和研究气溶胶-液滴关系为DYCOMS做出贡献。同样,它也是大陆云研究的一个重要组成部分,该研究是以怀俄明州国王航空公司的飞机观测为基础的。在这两个实地项目中,将使用机载怀俄明州测云雷达(一种毫米波长多普勒雷达)测量云底附近的垂直空气运动,这是检验云凝结核活动谱与其产生的水滴之间的理论关系所需的一个参数。这一信息在以前的气溶胶研究中是不可用的,可能有助于解决气溶胶特性和液滴计数之间的一些差异。研究的最终目标是改进大气环流和气候的大尺度模式中云的参数化。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Jefferson Snider其他文献
Jefferson Snider的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Jefferson Snider', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: Aerosol Properties and Autoconversion during Cold-Air outbreak Experiment in the Sub-Arctic Region (CAESAR)
合作研究:亚北极地区冷空气爆发实验期间的气溶胶特性和自动转化(CAESAR)
- 批准号:
2150812 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 19.4万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Hotplate Precipitation and Wind Measurement Improvement
热板降水和风测量的改进
- 批准号:
1850809 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 19.4万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
EAGER: Collaborative Research: Chilean Coastal Orographic Precipitation Experiment pilot project (CCOPE-2015)
EAGER:合作研究:智利沿海地形降水实验试点项目 (CCOPE-2015)
- 批准号:
1522277 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 19.4万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Analysis of the Condensational Growth in Marine Stratocumulus During the Second Aerosol Characterization Study
第二次气溶胶表征研究期间海洋层积云凝结生长的分析
- 批准号:
9816119 - 财政年份:1999
- 资助金额:
$ 19.4万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Ice Crystal Scavenging of C1 - C4 Alcohols and Ethylene Glycol
C1 - C4 醇和乙二醇的冰晶清除
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9314358 - 财政年份:1994
- 资助金额:
$ 19.4万 - 项目类别:
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Reactive, Volatile, and Highly Soluble Constitutents in Liquid Water Clouds
液态水云中的反应性、挥发性和高溶解性成分
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9012805 - 财政年份:1990
- 资助金额:
$ 19.4万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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