Biosynthesis of ginsenosides in Panax ginseng

人参中人参皂苷的生物合成

• 批准号: 149103176
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Wolfgang Eisenreich
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Biochemie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2008-12-31 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/149103176?language=en
• 关键词: Biosynthesis; ginsenosides; Panax; ginseng

Extracts of Panax ginseng roots (Ginseng) are used as health promoting drugs in traditional Oriental medicine. In recent time, however, Ginseng has gained importance in Western medicine as an anti-aging drug with an increasing market value. The drug is now produced from the roots of P. ginseng plants cultivated in the field by laborious and long-lasting procedures. The root extracts contain ginsenosides, a small family of triterpenoid saponins in approximate amounts of 20 mg/g dry weight roots. Although the mechanisms of Ginseng on human metabolism and health are not well understood, bioactivity is assigned to the presence of ginsenosides in the extracts. It is the major goal of this project to elucidate the ginsenoside biosynthetic pathway in whole plants of Panax ginseng. For this purpose, growing plants at various ages (1 – 7 years old) shall be labelled with 13CO2 in the field. The isotopologue distribution in the target compounds (triterpenes) and additional metabolic products (e.g. amino acids) shall be analysed by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. In a retrobiosynthetic approach, the isotopologue profiles shall assign and quantify biosynthetic pathways and metabolic flux from the basic photosynthates to ginsenosides under field conditions. The data shall also be correlated with metabolite profiles in the extracts of leaves and roots. The project can be considered as a model study to challenge 13CO2-based isotopologue profiling as an innovative method to study plant metabolism under physiological conditions. It should also be noted that the optimized methodology can be applied, without major modification, to the analysis of metabolic pathways and flux in green plants, including nutritional plants.

人参根（人参）的提取物在传统东方医学中被用作健康促进药物。然而，近年来，人参作为一种抗衰老药物在西方医学中获得了重要地位，市场价值不断增加。这种药物现在是从田间种植的人参植物的根中通过费力和持久的程序生产的。根提取物含有约20 mg/g干重根的量的野牡丹苷，一个小家族的三萜皂苷。虽然人参对人体代谢和健康的机制还不清楚，但生物活性被归因于提取物中存在的人参皂苷。本项目的主要目的是阐明人参全株中β-内酰胺类物质的生物合成途径。为此目的，应在田间对不同年龄（1 - 7岁）的生长植物贴上13 CO2标签。应通过NMR光谱法和质谱法分析目标化合物（三萜）和其他代谢产物（例如氨基酸）中的同位素体分布。在逆生物合成方法中，同位素体谱应在野外条件下分配和量化从基本光合产物到糖苷的生物合成途径和代谢通量。数据还应与叶和根提取物中的代谢物谱相关。该项目可以被认为是一个模型研究，以挑战基于13 CO2的同位素分析作为一种创新的方法来研究植物在生理条件下的代谢。还应当注意，优化的方法可以在没有重大修改的情况下应用于分析绿色植物（包括营养植物）中的代谢途径和通量。