Interactions of Aerosol Particles and Marine Stratocumulus Clouds

气溶胶颗粒与海洋层积云的相互作用

• 批准号: 0104707
• 负责人: Cynthia Twohy
• 金额: $ 20.19万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-05-15 至 2005-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0104707&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Interactions; Aerosol; Particles; Marine; Stratocumulus

The objective of this project is to characterize the chemical and physical characteristics of aerosol particles above, in, and below stratocumulus clouds. The study will be carried out as part of the DYCOMS-II project (Dynamics and Chemistry of Marine Stratocumulus), off the California coast in July 2001. The interaction of aerosol and cloud particles will be evaluated by comparing the size distributions and chemical composition of particles measured within cloud with those outside the cloud. Measurements of the cloud droplet size distribution will be used to investigate the effects of aerosol particles on cloud microphysical properties. Instrumentation includes particle spectrometers for the size range 0.005 to 6400 micrometers. Electron microscopy of aerosol samples will be used to identify chemical functional groups, including organic species, and elements. The residue of cloud droplets collected by counterflow virtual impaction will be analyzed the same way. The data will give insight on the following scientific problems: (1) the chemical composition of particles incorporated into cloud droplets; (2) the effects of different aerosol chemical types and size distributions on cloud microphysics; (3) the degree of chemical processing of the aerosols by cloud; (4) the extent to which the observations can be approximated by physical and chemical cloud models. The ultimate goal of the research is to improve the ability to parameterize the radiative, dynamic, and thermodynamic effects of clouds in large-scale models of atmospheric circulation and climate.

该项目的目标是描述层积云之上、之中和之下气溶胶粒子的化学和物理特性。 这项研究将作为DYCOMS-II项目（海洋层积云的动力学和化学）的一部分于2001年7月在加州海岸外进行。 气溶胶和云粒子的相互作用将通过比较云内外测量的粒子的尺寸分布和化学成分来评估。 云滴尺寸分布的测量将用于研究气溶胶粒子对云微物理特性的影响。 仪器包括粒度范围为0.005至6400微米的粒子光谱仪。 气溶胶样品的电子显微镜将用于确定化学功能组，包括有机物种和元素。 用同样的方法对逆流虚拟碰撞收集的云滴残留物进行分析。 这些数据将使人们深入了解以下科学问题：（1）云滴中粒子的化学成分;（2）不同气溶胶化学类型和大小分布对云微物理的影响;（3）云对气溶胶的化学处理程度;（4）物理和化学云模型在多大程度上可以近似观测。 研究的最终目标是提高在大气环流和气候的大尺度模型中对云的辐射、动力和热力学效应进行参数化的能力。