Collaborative Research: Total Evidence Phylogeny of Gobioidei (Teleostei:Perciformes) and Cladistic Biogeography

合作研究：Gobioidei（Teleostei：Perciformes）的全面证据系统发育和分支生物地理学

• 批准号: 0108244
• 负责人: Anthony Gill
• 金额: $ 11万
• 依托单位: Milwaukee Public Museum
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-01-01 至 2005-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0108244&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Total; Evidence; Phylogeny

ABSTRACTTOTAL EVIDENCE PHYLOGENY OF GOBIOIDEI (TELEOSTEI: PERCIFORMES) AND CLADISTIC BIOGEOGRAPHY The fish suborder Gobioidei includes more than 2000 extant species of small fishes found throughout the tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions of the world, in freshwater and nearshore marine habitats. Many gobioids live on or near the bottom, often in burrows. Many others are reef-dwellers, a few are oceanic, and some estuarine representatives have the ability to breathe air. Their wide distribution and great diversity of form and ecology make gobioids ideal for studies of broad questions in vertebrate evolution and biogeography. However, the incredible gobioid diversity has also hindered investigations of their evolutionary relationships, and no comprehensive phylogenetic hypothesis for gobioids has been advanced. Previous studies have focused on small groups of taxa or restricted suites of characters, and because of the fishes' small size, the morphological characters identified are often reductive and highly variable. The closest relatives of Gobioidei are unknown, and the classification has been in flux. Currently, the roughly 270 gobioid genera are classified in nine families, some containing only a single genus. The larger families (Eleotrididae, Gobiidae) are almost certainly not natural groups, and the relationships of species within those families, and among families, are unknown.This study seeks to resolve gobioid relationships using a total evidence approach and focusing primarily on basal gobioid groups and outgroups. DNA sequence data from five genes (four mitochondrial and one nuclear) will be combined with osteological and myological characters. The data will be analyzed separately and combined, and the resultant phylogeny will then be used to produce a classification for the suborder. The phylogeny will be used to examine the historical biogeography of gobioids, using cladistic biogeographical techniques to discover congruent patterns of area relationships and examine the origins of gobioid diversification. The common assumption that gobioids originated in a marine environment and diversified into freshwater once or repeatedly will be investigated by mapping the distribution of habitats on the taxon cladogram.Gobioid fishes have been studied for over a century but the group is so large, diverse, and widely distributed that a comprehensive phylogenetic and biogeographic study has never been attempted. This study will provide the first such comprehensive phylogenetic hypothesis and provide the basis for exploring the biogeography of a major group of fishes. It will also provide a historical foundation for future studies that will examine ecology, adaptation, and development, using the potential of this diverse group as a model for research on many aspects of evolutionary biology.

鱼亚目鱼类亚目Gobioidei包括2000多种现存的小型鱼类，分布于世界热带、亚热带和温带地区、淡水和近岸海洋生物栖息地。许多蜥蜴生活在底部或接近底部，通常生活在洞穴中。其他许多人是珊瑚礁居民，少数是海洋居民，一些河口代表有呼吸空气的能力。它们广泛的分布以及形式和生态的巨大多样性使它们成为研究脊椎动物进化和生物地理学中广泛问题的理想选择。然而，令人难以置信的类人猿的多样性也阻碍了对它们进化关系的研究，并且还没有提出关于类人猿的全面的系统发育假说。以前的研究主要集中在小类群或有限的特征组上，由于鱼的尺寸很小，所识别的形态特征往往是还原的和高度可变的。戈比约迪亚目的近亲尚不清楚，分类一直在变化。目前，大约270个金龟子属被归类于9个科，其中一些只包含一个属。较大的科(叶蝉科、戈壁科)几乎肯定不是自然类群，这些科内和科间的物种关系尚不清楚。本研究试图用全面证据的方法解决戈壁类的关系，主要集中在基本的戈壁类类群和外类群。来自五个基因(四个线粒体和一个核)的DNA序列数据将与骨学和肌学特征相结合。这些数据将被单独分析和合并，然后将产生的系统发育图用于产生亚目的分类。系统发育将被用来研究金龟子的历史生物地理，使用分支生物地理学技术来发现地区关系的一致模式，并研究金龟子多样化的起源。我们将通过绘制分类单元分支上栖息地的分布图来调查通常的假设，即戈壁鱼起源于海洋环境，并一次或多次进入淡水。戈壁鱼的研究已有一个多世纪的历史，但该类群如此庞大、多样化和广泛分布，以至于从未尝试过全面的系统发育和生物地理研究。这项研究将提供第一个全面的系统发育假说，并为探索一大类鱼类的生物地理学提供基础。它还将为未来的研究提供历史基础，这些研究将审查生态学、适应和发展，利用这个多样化群体的潜力作为研究进化生物学许多方面的模型。