Collaborative Research: Human Capital Accumulation and Aggregate Labor Supply

合作研究：人力资本积累与劳动力供给总量

• 批准号: 0111908
• 负责人: Rodolfo Manuelli
• 金额: $ 21.79万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-10-01 至 2005-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0111908&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Human; Capital; Accumulation

In the last fifty years there has been a dramatic change in the level and composition of worker hours allocated to market production. The largest change is the increase in market hours of married females. This has been accompanied by relative stability in the number of hours worked by single male and females, and by married males. In addition to the change in hours, there is a distinctive pattern of decreased fertility, especially among highly educated women, and increase in the proportion of births after age thirty. To understand the events that may have caused these substantial changes, this research constructs dynamic general equilibrium models of the macroeconomy in which households choose labor supplies, consumption and investment in both human and physical capital. Both market and non-market consumption enter utility and require both quality-adjusted time and physical capital to be produced. In our models, a household can either be a married couple or single individuals living alone. All the economic agents, single, married, male, or female; interact in aggregate markets for labor, capital, investment and market consumption. A major objective of the research is to determine what factors could explain observed gender-based wage differentials. The research will consider the impact of several types of technological change including, increased productivity of household durables, changes in the marriage market, and shocks to the costs of acquiring human capital.

在过去的50年里，分配给市场生产的工时的水平和构成发生了巨大的变化。最大的变化是已婚妇女的市场工作时间增加。与此同时，单身男性和女性以及已婚男性的工作时数相对稳定。除了工作时间的变化之外，生育率下降的模式也很明显，特别是在受过高等教育的妇女中，30岁以后生育的比例增加。为了理解可能导致这些实质性变化的事件，本研究构建了宏观经济的动态一般均衡模型，其中家庭选择劳动力供应，消费和人力资本和物质资本投资。市场和非市场消费都进入效用，并要求生产质量调整的时间和实物资本。在我们的模型中，一个家庭可以是一对已婚夫妇，也可以是独自生活的单身人士。所有的经济主体，无论单身、已婚、男性还是女性，都在劳动力、资本、投资和市场消费的总市场中相互作用。研究的一个主要目标是确定哪些因素可以解释观察到的基于性别的工资差异。这项研究将考虑几种类型的技术变革的影响，包括家庭耐用品生产率的提高， 婚姻市场的变化，以及对获取人力资本成本的冲击。