Learning in Multiple Behavioral Contexts

在多种行为环境中学习

• 批准号: 0112067
• 负责人: Daniel Papaj
• 金额: $ 33.43万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-07-01 至 2005-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0112067&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Learning; Multiple; Behavioral; Contexts

Learning in Multiple Behavioral ContextsDaniel R. Papaj and Martha R. WeissThe study of animal learning from an ecological perspective is expanding. One area that has received relatively little attention is learning in multiple contexts. This is surprising because most animals must learn in multiple behavioral contexts, and it is reasonable to expect that learning in one context affects learning in another. In the proposed research, a butterfly will be used to address if and how learning interacts across behavioral contexts. Color learning in a species of swallowtail butterfly will be evaluated in egg-laying and nectar-foraging contexts, two situations in which associative learning of color is known to occur in this species and for which dual learning has been demonstrated. The objectives of this proposal include: (1) assess color preferences of native individuals in each behavioral context; (2) assess a butterfly's selectivity to color under training in each context singly. (3) assess a butterfly's selectivity in responses to color combinations under dual training in different contexts and; (4) explore how learning in one context might interfere with learning in the other context. To meet these objectives, a battery of laboratory and enclosure assays will be undertaken. Results of the proposed research will be of general interest to students of animal learning in diverse fields, and will provide a link between work in behavioral ecology, on the one hand, and laboratory-based studies of learning and memory from psychological, ethological, and neurobiological perspectives, on the other. With respect to broader impacts, involvement of undergraduates through university-sponsored programs at both the University of Arizona and Georgetown University will enable students to experience the pleasures and challenges of research first-hand. In addition, an undergraduate-level laboratory exercise on butterfly learning initiated by co-PI Weiss will be refined and made available to the scientific community through the Animal Behavior Society web site. Finally, taking advantage of the broad public appeal of butterflies, our findings will be disseminated not only in scientific publications but also through popular essays, public talks, and visits to primary and secondary schools.

多行为情境下的学习。Papaj和Martha R.从生态学角度对动物学习的研究正在扩大。一个受到相对较少关注的领域是在多种背景下学习。这是令人惊讶的，因为大多数动物必须在多种行为环境中学习，并且有理由认为在一种环境中学习会影响另一种环境中的学习。在拟议的研究中，一只蝴蝶将被用来解决学习是否以及如何在行为环境中相互作用。在一个物种的燕尾蝶的颜色学习将在产卵和花蜜觅食的情况下进行评估，这两种情况下，颜色的联想学习是已知的发生在这个物种和双重学习已被证明。 本研究的目的包括：（1）评估本地个体在每种行为情境下的颜色偏好;（2）评估蝴蝶在每种情境下对颜色的选择性。(3)评估蝴蝶在不同背景下的双重训练下对颜色组合的选择性;（4）探索一种背景下的学习如何干扰另一种背景下的学习。为了实现这些目标，将进行一系列实验室和封闭试验。 拟议的研究结果将是动物学习的学生在不同领域的普遍兴趣，并将提供行为生态学的工作之间的联系，一方面，以实验室为基础的学习和记忆的研究从心理学，行为学和神经生物学的角度，另一方面。 关于更广泛的影响，通过亚利桑那大学和乔治敦大学的大学赞助的项目，本科生的参与将使学生能够亲身体验研究的乐趣和挑战。 此外，由共同PI韦斯发起的一项关于蝴蝶学习的本科生水平的实验室练习将得到改进，并通过动物行为学会网站提供给科学界。 最后，利用蝴蝶对公众的广泛吸引力，我们的研究结果不仅将在科学出版物上传播，还将通过流行文章、公开讲座和访问中小学来传播。