Dissertation Research: Signal Content and Function in Wild Male Orangutan Long Calls

论文研究：野生雄性猩猩长叫声的信号内容和功能

• 批准号: 0114390
• 负责人: Carel van Schaik
• 金额: $ 0.94万
• 依托单位: Duke University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-12-01 至 2002-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0114390&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Signal; Content; Function

Despite previous long-term behavioral studies, a full understanding of the social organization and reproductive strategies of orangutans has been difficult to achieve due to their extended life histories, large home ranges, predominantly arboreal lifestyles and semi-solitary natures. Because adult individuals are normally dispersed and visibility is limited within their rainforest habitats, long distance vocalizations are likely to play an important role in regulating individual relationships and social interactions, including reproduction. There is already strong and consistent behavioral and experimental evidence for an intra-sexual spacing function, but additional hypotheses such as mate attraction or protection against sexual coercion have not been tested rigorously. It is also not yet clear if reliable assessment cues are encoded in acoustic features and calling patterns or if listeners can recognize individual males and associate a signaler's identity with past performance. This research aims to test predictions for the signal content of male long calls, examine potential functions and assess possible determinants of variation in calling behavior among Bornean and Sumatran populations. Using field recordings, focal animal sampling and carefully controlled playback experiments, this study intends to examine acoustic variation in male long calls, the patterns of calling behavior by males and behavioral responses in relation to the listener's social context, reproductive status and familiarity with the calling male. The signal content of male orangutan long calls has important repercussions for understanding female mate choice and the nature of inter-individual relationships in this endangered species.

尽管以前的长期行为研究，猩猩的社会组织和生殖策略的充分理解一直难以实现，由于其延长的生活史，大的家庭范围，主要是树栖生活方式和半孤独的性质。 由于成年个体通常分散在雨林栖息地内，可见度有限，长距离发声可能在调节个体关系和社会互动（包括生殖）方面发挥重要作用。 已经有强有力的和一致的行为和实验证据表明，性内间隔功能，但其他假设，如配偶吸引力或保护免受性胁迫尚未得到严格的测试。 目前还不清楚是否可靠的评估线索编码在声学特征和呼叫模式，或者如果听众可以识别个别男性和关联信号的身份与过去的表现。 本研究的目的是测试预测的信号内容的男性长的电话，检查潜在的功能和评估可能的决定因素之间的调用行为的变化婆罗洲和苏门答腊人口。 采用现场录音，重点动物采样和仔细控制的播放实验，本研究旨在研究男性长呼叫的声学变化，男性的呼叫行为和行为反应的模式与听众的社会背景，生殖状况和熟悉的呼叫男性。 雄性猩猩长叫声的信号内容对于理解雌性猩猩的择偶和这种濒危物种个体间关系的性质具有重要影响。