Highly Detailed Reconstructions of New England Weather over the Past Few Centuries and Their Climatic Implications

该奖项将使研究人员能够通过汇编和分析书面档案，如日记、日记、农业记录和海洋日志，重建过去300年来新英格兰的每日天气状况。这些档案将被用来重建每日天气图，并与最近的气候条件进行比较。新英格兰拥有大量冗长的天气档案，是一个对气候条件变化敏感的地区。该区域受到风暴路径和高空扰动的影响，这些扰动年复一年地影响加拿大高压、冰岛低压和百慕大-亚速尔高压。获取区域范围内过去气候变化的非常详细和详细的记录，对于更好地向社会通报个人生活中气候变化的范围非常重要。同样重要的是，建立具有每日分辨率的过去气候条件的记录，以评估极端气候事件(即东北风、飓风、龙卷风和冰暴)的数量和强度如何随时间变化。正是这些极端事件可以极大地影响个人和社区。利用新英格兰300年的记录和天气条件的重建，有助于推断小冰期期间寒冷年份、温暖年份和更常见(即正常)年份之间的季节性差异。近100年来的仪器记录为评估可能代表人类诱发条件的最新变化提供了时间序列。每日天气情况将以电子格式汇编，并放在万维网上。这些数据将提供给包括学校在内的公众，用于评估气候变化。

This award will enable researchers to reconstruct daily weather conditions for New England over the past 300 years by compiling and analyzing written archives such as diaries, journals, agricultural records, and marine logs. These archives will be used to reconstruct daily weather maps that will be compared with recent climatic conditions. New England has a large number of lengthy weather archives and is a region sensitive to changing climatic conditions. The region is influenced by storm tracks and upper-air disturbances that impact the Canadian High, Icelandic Low and the Bermuda-Azores High from year-to-year.Obtaining highly detailed and lengthy records of past climatic variability at the regional scale is important to better inform society about the range of climatic change in the lives of individuals. It is also important to develop records of past climatic conditions with daily resolution to evaluate how the number and magnitude of extreme climatic events (i.e., nor'Easters, hurricanes, tornadoes, and ice storms) have changed with time. It is these extreme events that can greatly affect individuals and communities.The use of the 300-year record from New England and the reconstruction of synoptic conditions helps to infer differences in seasonality between cold years, warm years, and more common (i.e., normal) years during the Little Ice Age. Instrumental records over approximately the last 100 years provide time series for the evaluation of recent changes that may be representative of anthropogenically-induced conditions. Daily weather conditions will be compiled in electronic format and placed on the World Wide Web. These data will be available to the general public, including schools, to use when evaluating changes in climate.