DOCTORAL DISSERTATION RESEARCH: The Tax Revolt and the Transformation of American Politics, 1968-1992

博士论文研究：税收反抗和美国政治转型，1968-1992

• 批准号: 0117631
• 负责人: Margaret Weir
• 金额: $ 0.75万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-01 至 2002-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0117631&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DOCTORAL; DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Tax; Revolt

Sociological theories and studies of the welfare state did much to explain its unprecedented growth after World War II, but now face another challenge. They need to account for the current period of crisis, retrenchment, and limits to growth as well as for previous periods of increasing state capacity. This project addresses this challenge using the methods of comparative historical sociology. Concentrating on the tax revolt in the U.S. during the 1970s that led to a series of dramatic legislative victories, it considers why the movement emerged when it did, what it did to gain initial policy success, and how it affected later political debates about taxes and welfare policy. The methods used involve analysis of both qualitative and quantitative data. First, the project compares the grassroots protests in the United States with those in Denmark, and compares both to the lack of such protests in Sweden and Britain. Second, it compares the varied movement success in California, New York, and Massachusetts. Third, it uses quantitative event history analyses to explore the adoption of anti-tax legislation in 27 of 50 states. The results show how the initial policy success of the tax revolt changed the direction of American politics and the effectiveness of later challenges to tax policy.

社会学理论和对福利国家的研究在很大程度上解释了它在第二次世界大战后前所未有的增长，但现在面临着另一个挑战。 它们需要考虑到当前的危机、紧缩和增长限制时期，以及以前国家能力不断增强的时期。 本项目使用比较历史社会学的方法来解决这一挑战。 集中在税收反抗在美国在20世纪70年代，导致了一系列戏剧性的立法胜利，它认为为什么运动出现时，它没有，它做了什么，以获得初步的政策成功，以及它如何影响后来的政治辩论税收和福利政策。 所使用的方法包括对定性和定量数据的分析。 首先，该项目将美国的草根抗议活动与丹麦的草根抗议活动进行了比较，并将两者与瑞典和英国缺乏此类抗议活动进行了比较。 其次，比较了加州、纽约和马萨诸塞州不同运动的成功。 第三，它使用定量的事件历史分析来探讨50个州中的27个州通过反税收立法的情况。研究结果表明，税收反抗最初的政策成功如何改变了美国政治的方向，以及后来对税收政策的挑战的有效性。