Biocomplexity IDEA: Portable Devices To Map The Distribution of Arsenic In Bangladesh Groundwater & The Relation To Sediment Structure

生物复杂性 IDEA：便携式设备绘制孟加拉国地下水中砷的分布图

• 批准号: 0119933
• 负责人: Alexander van Geen
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-01 至 2003-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0119933&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Biocomplexity; IDEA; Portable; Devices; Map

0119933Van GeenArsenic concentrations in groundwater of Bangladesh can vary by three orders magnitude within lateral and vertical spatial scales of tens of meters. This extreme variability is the result of a poorly understood set of hydrological, microbial, and geochemical interactions that reflect the complex evolution of the Ganges-Brahmaputra delta over the past 10,000 years. There may also be a temporal dimension to these complex pattems on shorter time scales with, potentially, a response of groundwater arsenic to the monsoon and to increased groundwater usage for irrigation. Understanding these pattems has immediate societal relevance because at least 25 million people are currently poisoned by drinking groundwater from millions of tube wells containing 50 ug/L arsenic, the Bangladesh and (until very recently) US drinking water standard.T'his proposal for exploratory work under the topical area "Instrumentation Development for Environmental Activities (IDEA)" is centered around the notion that the principles underlying the distribution of arsenic in Bangladesh groundwater can be understood only through the collection of geophysical, geochemical, and eventually microbiological, data representative of in situ conditions on spatial scales ranging from meters to kilometers. With this objective in mind, and as a complement to its current work in Bangladesh supported by the NIEHS/Superfund Basic Research Program, this interdisciplinary team of scientists seeks to develop and test two portable devices that measure key properties of the subsurface by taking advantage of the enonnous ar-ray of existing tube wells: (1) groundwater arsenic concentrations with a high-precision, double-beam calorimeter, (2) the vertical sediment structure by electromagnetic conductivity. In parallel, we will start to develop the statistical tools needed to interpret and integrate the complex data sets that can be generated with these instruments. Our intention is to set the stage for a full-scale Biocomplexity proposal aimed at improving our ftindamental understanding of the complex set of interactions, including microbial and societal factors, that resulted in a human tragedy of staggering dimension.0119933

0119933 Van Geen孟加拉国地下水中砷的浓度在几十米的横向和垂直空间尺度内可以变化三个数量级。 这种极端的变化是一组水文，微生物和地球化学相互作用的结果，反映了恒河-雅鲁藏布江三角洲在过去10,000年的复杂演变。 也可能有一个时间维度，这些复杂的pattems在较短的时间尺度上，潜在的，地下水砷的季风和增加地下水灌溉使用的响应。 了解这些模式具有直接的社会意义，因为目前至少有2500万人因饮用含有50微克/升砷的数百万管井威尔斯的地下水而中毒，孟加拉国和（直到最近）美国饮用水标准。在“环境活动仪器开发（IDEA）”专题领域下的探索性工作建议是围绕着这样一个概念，即孟加拉国地下水中砷的分布的基本原则，可以理解只有通过收集地球物理，地球化学，并最终微生物，数据代表在现场条件的空间尺度从米到公里。 考虑到这一目标，并作为其目前在NIEHS/超级基金基础研究计划支持下在孟加拉国开展的工作的补充，这个跨学科的科学家团队寻求开发和测试两种便携式设备，通过利用现有管威尔斯的enonnous ar-ray来测量地下的关键特性：（1）地下水砷含量采用高精度、双光束量热仪测定;（2）沉积物垂直结构采用电磁电导率法测定。 与此同时，我们将开始开发所需的统计工具，以解释和整合可以用这些工具生成的复杂数据集。 我们的目的是为全面的生物复杂性提案奠定基础，旨在提高我们对复杂的相互作用的基本理解，包括微生物和社会因素，这些因素导致了惊人的人类悲剧。