Dissertation Research: Ecological Bases of Agonistic Coalitions in Capuchin Monkeys

论文研究：卷尾猴竞争联盟的生态基础

• 批准号: 0120250
• 负责人: Charles Janson
• 金额: $ 0.87万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Stony Brook
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-12-15 至 2002-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0120250&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Ecological; Bases; Agonistic

The ecological basis for pair-wise aggressive encounters has been investigated in many species of non-human primates. Some species also form aggressive coalitions while searching for food, but the ecological correlates of such coalitions have yet to be studied. A coalition is defined as cooperation by two or more individuals in an aggressive encounter against one or more other individuals. This study will focus on pair-wise and coalitional aggression in the white-faced capuchin, Cebus capucinus in the context of feeding. The objectives of this study are (1) to measure the ecological factors that may affect the rates of aggressive contests by quantifying the costs and benefits associated with resource competition and (2) to test an ecological explanation for the evolution of coalition behavior in non-human primates. Data will be collected at two dry-forest study sites in Costa Rica. The researchers will examine whether the ecological costs and benefits associated with coalition formation differ systematically from those that prevail during pair-wise contests, and whether males and females are equally likely to form coalitions. Because males are usually dominant to females in C. capucinus, one would expect females to form coalitions to gain access to food patches occupied by a male. The ecological benefit of fighting over a food patch will be measured as the nutritional gain available to contestants in the patch, whereas the cost to an individual includes both the cost of a physical injury and the time needed to find alternate food patches if it loses. The ecological explanation will be tested against the simple alternative that the frequency of fights and coalitions reflect overcrowding or the availability of coalition partners in a food patch. This study will help us to understand the origins of cooperative behavior in non-human primates and humans.

在许多非人类灵长类动物中，已经研究了成对攻击性遭遇的生态学基础。一些物种在寻找食物时也会形成侵略性的联盟，但这种联盟的生态相关性还有待研究。联盟的定义是两个或两个以上的个体在一次攻击性的遭遇中合作对抗一个或多个其他个体。本研究将着重于对明智的和联盟的攻击在白脸卷尾猴，Cebus capucinus在喂养的背景下。本研究的目的是：（1）通过量化与资源竞争相关的成本和收益来衡量可能影响攻击性竞争率的生态因素;（2）检验非人灵长类动物联盟行为进化的生态学解释。 将在哥斯达黎加的两个干林研究地点收集数据。 研究人员将研究与联盟形成相关的生态成本和收益是否与成对竞争中普遍存在的生态成本和收益存在系统性差异，以及男性和女性是否同样有可能形成联盟。 因为在C中雄性通常对雌性占优势。capucinus，人们会期望女性形成联盟，以获得由男性占据的食物补丁。 争夺食物块的生态效益将被衡量为竞争者在食物块中获得的营养增益，而个人的成本包括身体伤害的成本和如果失败则寻找替代食物块所需的时间。 生态学的解释将被测试对简单的替代，战斗和联盟的频率反映了过度拥挤或联盟伙伴在食物补丁的可用性。这项研究将有助于我们了解非人灵长类动物和人类合作行为的起源。