Dissertation Research: The Ceramics of Piedras Negras, Guatemala

论文研究：危地马拉彼德拉斯内格拉斯的陶瓷

• 批准号: 0123016
• 负责人: T. Patrick Culbert
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-12-15 至 2002-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0123016&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Ceramics; Piedras; Negras

Under the direction of Dr. T. Patrick Culbert, Mr. Arturo Munoz will collect data for his dissertation. For the last four years Mr. Munoz has been a member of the archaeological team excavating the ruins of the Classic Maya city of Piedras Negras, Guatemala. Piedras Negras is located in a remote corner of the Peten rainforest and is renowned for the excellent quality of its sculpture and for the unusually complete sequence of dated stelae erected by the cities rulers between A.D. 650 and 800. Piedras Negras is particularly notable because of the heavy emphasis on resist decoration on locally made ceramics. This technique, virtually unknown in other parts of the Maya Lowlands, dominates the Late Classic polychrome ceramic tradition at Piedras Negras. Because of the unusually complete historical record for the site as well as the excellent provenance data available as a result of the recent excavations it is possible to track the development and spread of resist decorated ceramics with a rare degree of precision. Resist decorated ceramic appear first in elite contexts. They are carefully decorated and well fired. Later, more crudely executed resist types become common and are recovered from all levels of settlement. These observations lead to several hypotheses amenable to testing utilizing a variety of quantitative measures. In general terms, this research is a diachronic study of changing ceramic styles, framing the development of resist-decorated ceramics first as a result of particular historical and social circumstances at Piedras Negras and second, and more broadly, as a result if general processes linking crafting and the possession of cultural goods to processes of political legitimation. With very few exceptions, Americanist archaeologists rarely consider the social component of technological change, becoming what have been described as "somnambulists" adopting the position that technological change unfolds automatically according to its own inevitable logic and independently of social and cultural processes. As a result, most archaeological research focusing on technological change has emphasized the effects of increased efficiency on mitigating changing environmental or other conditions. If this research is successful, it will present a model for understanding processes of technological change emphasizing the importance social processes in determining not only the content of emerging technologies, but also their success or failure.For a variety of reasons the Usumacinta Basin is one of the most understudied part so the Maya Lowlands. This research will provide some of the very first detailed data for the region, and will provide key information on one of the preeminent Lowland Maya sites. This research will not only be a valuable reference for future archaeologists working in the area, it will also interest any member of Guatemalan society curious about their country's ancient past. Finally, this research will assist in the training of a promising young scientist.

在T博士的指导下，帕特里克卡尔伯特，阿图罗穆尼奥斯先生将收集他的论文数据。在过去的四年里，穆尼奥斯先生一直是考古队的一员，挖掘危地马拉Piedras Negras的经典玛雅城市遗址。Piedras Negras位于Peten雨林的一个偏远角落，以其卓越的雕塑质量和公元650年至800年间由城市统治者竖立的日期石碑的异常完整的序列而闻名。Piedras Negras特别值得注意，因为它非常重视当地制造的陶瓷上的抵抗装饰。这种技术在玛雅低地的其他地方几乎不为人知，在Piedras Negras的晚期经典多色陶瓷传统中占主导地位。由于该遗址异常完整的历史记录以及最近的挖掘所提供的优秀的出处数据，因此可以以罕见的精度跟踪抗蚀剂装饰陶瓷的发展和传播。抵抗装饰陶瓷最早出现在精英语境中。它们被精心装饰和烧制。后来，更粗糙的抵抗类型变得普遍，并从所有定居点的水平恢复。这些观察导致几个假设服从测试利用各种定量措施。总的来说，这项研究是一个历时性的研究不断变化的陶瓷风格，框架的抵抗装饰陶瓷的发展，首先是由于特定的历史和社会环境在Piedras Negras和第二，更广泛地说，作为一个结果，如果一般过程连接工艺和拥有文化产品的政治合法化的过程。除了极少数例外，美国考古学家很少考虑技术变革的社会成分，成为被描述为“梦游者”的人，他们采取的立场是，技术变革根据其自身不可避免的逻辑自动展开，独立于社会和文化进程。因此，大多数侧重于技术变革的考古研究都强调了提高效率对缓解不断变化的环境或其他条件的影响。如果这项研究是成功的，它将提出一个模型来理解过程中的技术变革强调的重要性，社会过程中确定不仅内容的新兴技术，但他们的成功或失败。由于各种原因乌苏马辛塔盆地是一个最欠研究的部分，所以玛雅低地。这项研究将为该地区提供一些第一批详细的数据，并将提供关于一个杰出的低地玛雅遗址的关键信息。这项研究不仅将成为未来在该地区工作的考古学家的宝贵参考，也将引起危地马拉社会中任何对该国古代历史感兴趣的成员的兴趣。最后，这项研究将有助于培养一个有前途的年轻科学家。