U.S.-Japan Dissertation Enhancement: Speciation with Hybridization: The case of Japanese Hexagrammids

美日论文增强：杂交的物种形成：日本六角藻的案例

• 批准号: 0123805
• 负责人: Giacomo Bernardi
• 金额: $ 1.21万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Cruz
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-12-15 至 2002-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0123805&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: U.S.; Japan; Dissertation; Enhancement; Speciation

0123805BernardiThis award supports a one-year collaborative research project between Professor Giacomo Bernardi and Karen Crow at the University of California, Santa Cruz and Professor Hiroyuki Munehara of Hokkaido University in Japan as well as Professor Andrey Balanov of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Vladivostok. The researchers will undertake a study of the involvement of speciation with hybridization of the Japanese Hexagrammids. Reinforcement is the build up of assortative mating resulting from natural selection against hybrids upon secondary contact of allopatric species. It has been theorized that reinforcement could be an important force driving speciation. Evidence for reinforcement in laboratory experiments has been difficult to generate, and studies in natural settings have been lacking, especially in marine systems. However, theoretical and empirical support has grown in the last five years and additional studies need to be done to further test these predictions. Fishes of the genus Hexagrammos meet criteria theorized to favor speciation by reinforcement. The research will involve testing whether assortative mating is being built up in conjunction with reduced fitness of hybrids to determine if reinforcement is an important force maintaining species boundaries in this system. The main focus of the proposed research is to determine the role of hybridization in processes of speciation within the genus Hexagrammos. The specific goals are to: 1) characterize the relative proportions of hybrids occurring in nature at three sites in the Northern Sea of Japan; 2) measure post-zygotic reproductive isolation between parental species by estimating differential costs in fitness associated with larvae produced from hybrid, specific and F1-hybrid backcrosses; and 3) estimate pre-zygotic reproductive isolation by comparing differences in assortative mate selection in parental species from both sympatric and allopatric populations.The project brings together the efforts of three international laboratories that have complementary expertise and research capabilities. The process of reinforcement of premating isolation is of great interest in evolutionary biology. Results of this research are likely to provide a major contribution to our understanding of speciation processes, particularly in the area of reinforcement as a mechanism for speciation. The project advances international human resources through the participation of a graduate student. Through the exchange of ideas and technology, this project will broaden our base of basic knowledge and promote international understanding and cooperation. The researchers plan to publish results of the research in scientific journals and report on the findings at scientific meetings.

0123805 Bernardi该奖项支持加州大学圣克鲁斯分校的Giacomo Bernardi教授和Karen Crow教授与日本北海道大学的Hiroyuki Munehara教授以及俄罗斯科学院海参崴的Andrey Balanov教授之间为期一年的合作研究项目。 研究人员将进行一项研究，探讨物种形成与杂交的关系。 强化是指在异域物种二次接触后，自然选择对杂种产生的排斥性交配的建立。 理论上，强化可能是推动物种形成的重要力量。 在实验室实验中很难产生强化的证据，而且缺乏在自然环境中的研究，特别是在海洋系统中。 然而，在过去五年中，理论和经验支持有所增加，需要进行更多的研究以进一步验证这些预测。 鱼属的鱼类符合理论上有利于强化物种形成的标准。 这项研究将涉及测试是否正在建立与减少适应性的杂交，以确定是否加强是一个重要的力量，维持物种边界在这个系统。 拟议的研究的主要重点是确定杂交的物种形成的过程中的作用，属内的Hellammos。 具体目标是：1）描述在日本北方海的三个地点自然界中发生的杂种的相对比例; 2）通过估计与杂种、特定和F1杂种回交产生的幼虫相关的适合度的差异成本来测量亲本物种之间的合子后生殖隔离;（3）预测通过比较来自同域和异域种群的亲本物种在选择性交配选择方面的差异，研究合子生殖隔离。汇集了三个具有互补专业知识和研究能力的国际实验室的努力。 交配前隔离的强化过程在进化生物学中引起了极大的兴趣。 这项研究的结果可能会提供一个重大的贡献，我们的理解形态形成的过程中，特别是在该地区的强化作为一种机制的形态。 该项目通过一名研究生的参与促进国际人力资源。 通过交流思想和技术，该项目将扩大我们的基础知识，促进国际理解与合作。 研究人员计划在科学期刊上发表研究结果，并在科学会议上报告研究结果。