The Children's Research Initiative: Integrative Approaches - CRI: The Study of Brain-Behavior Relations in the Context of Development

儿童研究计划：综合方法 - CRI：发展背景下的大脑行为关系研究

• 批准号: 0126601
• 负责人: Charles Nelson
• 金额: $ 6.65万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-15 至 2003-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0126601&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Children; Research; Initiative; Integrative; Approaches

The Study of Brain-Behavior Relations in the Context of DevelopmentCharles NelsonOver the past decade, tremendous strides have been made in elucidating the neural underpinnings of human cognition and emotion. Regrettably, similar gains have not been made in understanding the development of these functions. This is unfortunate, as the study of development is not only important in its own right, but also has implications for understanding mature function. For example, knowledge gained from the study of development can provide useful information with regard to how the brain accomplishes the tasks that makes behavior possible. When one finds that a particular process appears in a particular sequence it suggests that experience provided by one system may be used to grow the next. When several different processes all appear at the same time in development, it suggests that a common mechanism may underlie all of these activities. Understanding the effects of experience and maturation on a behavioral system are central concerns of the developmental approach. Developmental studies make it possible to search for sensitive periods and raise the question of what brain changes bring a sensitive period to an end. The overall objective of this center grant planning proposal is to capitalize on the gains being made in adult cognitive and affective neuroscience and extend these gains to the study of development. The Center for Neurobehavioral Development (CNBD) at the University of Minnesota will be home to this application. The faculty that comprise the CNBD are made up of an eclectic group of faculty that collectively have in common an interest in the relation between brain and behavior in the context of development. The CNBD faculty has strengths in a variety of areas, and have specifically targeted for investigation studies that focus on the following four areas: (a) The organization of sensory and perceptual systems (b) The development of memory, (c) The development of attention and executive functions as cognitive constructs and in the service of emotion and behavior regulation, and (d) Emotion and stress regulation. Although many of the faculty that comprise the CNBD have worked together in the past, because this is a new center, its participants are not yet as well integrated as would be desirable. This planning grant will facilitate such integration. Project activities during the planning phase will consist of a) meeting of "affinity groups," in which like-minded faculty will meet on a regular basis to discuss common interests, b) inviting guest speakers from other universities whose research interests overlap with those of CNBD faculty, c) inviting consultants to the CNBD that will help identify themes common to the full faculty, d) having the Director of the CNBD (and PI of this application) visit with other center directors around the US, and e) hosting a faculty retreat.

在过去的十年里，在阐明人类认知和情感的神经基础方面取得了巨大的进步。遗憾的是，在了解这些功能的开发方面尚未取得类似的进展。这是不幸的，因为发展的研究不仅本身很重要，而且对理解成熟功能也有影响。例如，从发育研究中获得的知识可以提供关于大脑如何完成使行为成为可能的任务的有用信息。当一个人发现一个特定的过程以特定的顺序出现时，这意味着一个系统提供的经验可以用来发展下一个系统。当几个不同的过程在发育过程中同时出现时，这表明所有这些活动可能都有一个共同的机制。理解经验和成熟对行为系统的影响是发展方法的核心问题。发育研究使寻找敏感期成为可能，并提出了一个问题，即大脑的什么变化会结束敏感期。本中心补助金计划提案的总体目标是利用成人认知和情感神经科学的成果，并将这些成果扩展到发展研究。 明尼苏达大学的神经行为发展中心（CNBD）将是这个应用程序的所在地。组成CNBD的教师由一群兼收并蓄的教师组成，他们共同对发展背景下大脑和行为之间的关系感兴趣。CNBD教师在各个领域都有优势，并专门针对以下四个领域的调查研究：（a）感觉和知觉系统的组织（B）记忆的发展，（c）注意力和执行功能的发展作为认知结构，并在情绪和行为调节服务，以及（d）情绪和压力调节。虽然组成CNBD的许多教师过去曾在一起工作，但由于这是一个新的中心，其参与者还没有达到理想的融合程度。这项规划补助金将促进这种融合。规划阶段的项目活动将包括：a）“亲和小组”会议，志同道合的教师将定期开会讨论共同兴趣，B）邀请来自其他大学的客座演讲人，他们的研究兴趣与CNBD教师的研究兴趣重叠，c）邀请顾问到CNBD，这将有助于确定全体教师共同的主题，d）让CNBD主任（以及本申请的PI）与美国各地的其他中心主任一起访问，以及e）举办教师务虚会。