Phylogeny and Evolution of the Basal Genera of Mimosoid Legumes

含羞草豆科基部属的系统发育和进化

• 批准号: 0129228
• 负责人: Melissa Luckow
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Cornell Univ - State: AWDS MADE PRIOR MAY 2010
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-02-15 至 2007-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0129228&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Phylogeny; Evolution; Basal; Genera; Mimosoid

0129228Luckow Although the mimosoid legumes are an important component of tropical forests, especially in arid and semiarid regions, they have been understudied relative to the two other major legume groups, the papilionoid (pea-flowered) and caesalpinioid legumes. The most recent evolutionary study of the legume family incorporated only 7 samples from an estimated 4000 species of mimosoids. Proposed work by Dr. Melissa Luckow at Cornell University and colleagues is aimed at correcting the imbalance by intensive study of genera in the subfamily Mimosoideae. Specifically, the goals of this study are: 1) to construct an evolutionary tree for 39 genera of mimosoid legumes using data from both morphology and DNA sequences (from nuclear and plastid genes), and 2) to write a revision of these genera, complete with keys for identification and detailed descriptions. Field work will be undertaken to collect rare and unusual species in Africa, Madagascar, and South America. Molecular and morphological data will be employed in a phylogenetic analysis that will clarify the relationships among the genera and shed light on the evolution of nitrogen-fixation and characters associated with adaptation to arid climates. Interactive keys and descriptions will be constructed and incorporated into the Diversity of Life web site. The legume family is the third largest flowering-plant family, and second only to grasses in economic importance to mankind. The mimosoids are particularly important in tropical ecosystems as agroforestry and timber trees, providing wood and forage in marginal and arid regions of the world. Much effort is currently being expended to improve and exploit species of Prosopis (mesquite), Acacia, and Leucaena for food and fodder in arid habitats. Yet, currently there is little information on what the closest relative to Prosopis might be, or whether or not all species of Acacia in the New World are related to those in Africa and Australia. A phylogenetic context will be indispensable to the agricultural evaluation and development of species in these genera; reliable identification keys to the genera, with comprehensive descriptions, will be widely used by taxonomists, foresters, plant breeders, and ecologists. For example, most areas in Latin America lack comprehensive floras; legumes also tend to be one of the last groups to be worked on since the family is so large and diverse. Creating web-based keys and descriptions that can be downloaded will insure wide availability and affordability to users in developing countries. This format will also make it easy for instructors to integrate the material into their classrooms.

虽然拟态豆科植物是热带森林的重要组成部分，特别是在干旱和半干旱地区，但相对于另外两个主要的豆类类群，即豌豆状豆科植物和凯萨洛状豆科植物，它们的研究还不够深入。对豆科植物的最新进化研究仅包含了来自大约4000种含羞草的7个样本。康奈尔大学的Melissa Luckow博士和他的同事们提出的工作旨在通过深入研究含羞草亚科的属来纠正这种不平衡。具体地说，这项研究的目标是：1)利用形态和DNA序列(来自核和叶绿体基因)的数据，为39个豆科含羞草属构建进化树，以及2)编写这些属的修订，包括鉴定和详细描述的检索表。将开展实地工作，在非洲、马达加斯加和南美洲收集稀有和不寻常的物种。分子和形态数据将被用于系统发育分析，以澄清属之间的关系，并阐明固氮的进化和与适应干旱气候有关的特征。将构建交互式关键字和描述，并将其纳入生命多样性网站。豆科植物是第三大开花植物科，对人类的经济重要性仅次于草。含羞草在热带生态系统中尤其重要，因为它们是农林业和用材树，在世界的边缘和干旱地区提供木材和饲料。目前正在花费大量的努力来改良和开发干旱生境中用作食物和饲料的金合欢、相思树和银合欢等物种。然而，目前几乎没有关于Prosopis的近亲是什么的信息，或者新大陆的所有相思物种是否都与非洲和澳大利亚的相思物种有亲缘关系。对于这些属的物种的农业评价和发展来说，系统发育背景将是不可或缺的；可靠的属的鉴定检索表和全面的描述将被分类学家、林学家、植物育种者和生态学家广泛使用。例如，拉丁美洲的大多数地区缺乏全面的植物区系；豆科植物也往往是最后研究的类别之一，因为豆科植物的家庭如此之大和多样化。创建可供下载的基于网络的检索和说明将确保发展中国家的用户能够广泛获得和负担得起。这种形式也将使教师更容易将材料整合到课堂中。