Role of Amino Acid Transporters in Seed Development

氨基酸转运蛋白在种子发育中的作用

• 批准号: 0135344
• 负责人: Mechthild Tegeder
• 金额: $ 35.5万
• 依托单位: Washington State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-04-01 至 2006-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0135344&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Role; Amino; Acid; Transporters; Seed

Assimilate distribution (partitioning) in plants is hypothesized to be regulated by transport processes located in importing organs (sinks) such as developing seeds. The transport of amino nitrogen, in particular, is a major factor influencing plant productivity, crop yield and reproductive success. However, key nitrogen transport processes remain to be identified and characterized. This project utilizes a multidisciplinary approach to characterize amino acid transport processes in sink tissues and specifically to determine the function of amino acid transporters expressed in reproductive structures. The overall goal is to understand, at a cellular and molecular level, the role of amino acid transporters in controlling nitrogen transport to and within seeds. Using Arabidopsis fruits (siliques) and seeds as a sink model, we intend (1) to identify the cellular and subcellular localization of members of the amino acid transporter family that are expressed during silique/seed development, (2) to understand mechanisms controlling amino acid transport in sinks by characterizing the physiological and molecular regulation of amino acid transporters, and (3) to assess the functional significance of amino acid transporters in controlling import of organic nitrogen into developing seeds using molecular genetic manipulation of transporter expression and activity. The information obtained from the proposed work will form the basis for understanding the function of various amino acid transporters in nitrogen transfer and partitioning to and among seed tissues. In addition, it will provide a platform for more detailed future studies to evaluate transporter contribution to nutrient accumulation by seeds in other plant species. The program will also offer a framework for the development of biotechnological innovations to increase crop yield and for modifying nutritional qualities of seeds with respect to their amino acid complement.

植物中的同化物分配(分配)被认为是由位于输入器官(库)中的运输过程调节的，例如发育中的种子。尤其是氨基氮的运输是影响植物生产力、作物产量和繁殖成功的主要因素。然而，关键的氮素运输过程仍有待确定和表征。该项目利用多学科方法来表征下沉组织中的氨基酸运输过程，特别是确定在生殖结构中表达的氨基酸转运体的功能。总体目标是在细胞和分子水平上了解氨基酸转运体在控制氮素向种子和种子内运输方面的作用。利用拟南芥果实(角果)和种子作为库模型，我们打算：(1)鉴定在角果/种子发育过程中表达的氨基酸转运蛋白家族成员的细胞和亚细胞定位；(2)通过表征氨基酸转运蛋白的生理和分子调控，了解氨基酸转运蛋白在库中控制氨基酸运输的机制；(3)通过分子遗传操作转运蛋白的表达和活性，评估氨基酸转运蛋白在控制有机氮进入发育中种子中的功能意义。从拟议的工作中获得的信息将成为理解各种氨基酸转运体在氮素转移和分配到种子组织和种子组织之间的功能的基础。此外，它还将为未来更详细的研究提供一个平台，以评估转运蛋白对其他植物物种种子营养积累的贡献。该计划还将为生物技术创新的发展提供一个框架，以提高作物产量，并根据种子的氨基酸补充情况改变种子的营养质量。