Role of Amino Acid Transporters in Seed Development

氨基酸转运蛋白在种子发育中的作用

• 批准号: 0135344
• 负责人: Mechthild Tegeder
• 金额: $ 35.5万
• 依托单位: Washington State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-04-01 至 2006-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0135344&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Role; Amino; Acid; Transporters; Seed

Assimilate distribution (partitioning) in plants is hypothesized to be regulated by transport processes located in importing organs (sinks) such as developing seeds. The transport of amino nitrogen, in particular, is a major factor influencing plant productivity, crop yield and reproductive success. However, key nitrogen transport processes remain to be identified and characterized. This project utilizes a multidisciplinary approach to characterize amino acid transport processes in sink tissues and specifically to determine the function of amino acid transporters expressed in reproductive structures. The overall goal is to understand, at a cellular and molecular level, the role of amino acid transporters in controlling nitrogen transport to and within seeds. Using Arabidopsis fruits (siliques) and seeds as a sink model, we intend (1) to identify the cellular and subcellular localization of members of the amino acid transporter family that are expressed during silique/seed development, (2) to understand mechanisms controlling amino acid transport in sinks by characterizing the physiological and molecular regulation of amino acid transporters, and (3) to assess the functional significance of amino acid transporters in controlling import of organic nitrogen into developing seeds using molecular genetic manipulation of transporter expression and activity. The information obtained from the proposed work will form the basis for understanding the function of various amino acid transporters in nitrogen transfer and partitioning to and among seed tissues. In addition, it will provide a platform for more detailed future studies to evaluate transporter contribution to nutrient accumulation by seeds in other plant species. The program will also offer a framework for the development of biotechnological innovations to increase crop yield and for modifying nutritional qualities of seeds with respect to their amino acid complement.

同化物在植物中的分配（分配）被假设为通过位于进口器官（汇）如发育中的种子中的运输过程来调节。尤其是氨基氮的运输是影响植物生产力、作物产量和繁殖成功的主要因素。然而，关键的氮运输过程仍有待确定和表征。该项目利用多学科方法来表征汇组织中的氨基酸转运过程，特别是确定生殖结构中表达的氨基酸转运蛋白的功能。总的目标是了解，在细胞和分子水平上，氨基酸转运蛋白在控制氮运输到种子和种子内的作用。利用拟南芥果实（长角果）和种子作为库模型，我们打算（1）鉴定在长角果/种子发育期间表达的氨基酸转运蛋白家族成员的细胞和亚细胞定位，（2）通过表征氨基酸转运蛋白的生理和分子调节来理解控制库中氨基酸转运的机制，（3）利用分子遗传学方法对氨基酸转运蛋白的表达和活性进行调控，以评价氨基酸转运蛋白在控制有机氮输入发育种子中的功能意义。 从拟议的工作中获得的信息将形成的基础上，了解各种氨基酸转运蛋白的氮转移和分配的种子组织和之间的功能。此外，它还将为未来更详细的研究提供一个平台，以评估其他植物物种种子对养分积累的转运作用。该计划还将为生物技术创新的发展提供一个框架，以提高作物产量，并在氨基酸补充方面改变种子的营养质量。