Collaborative Research: Remaking Bosnia: The International Community and the Returnee Policy Process in Three Bosnian Localities

合作研究：重塑波斯尼亚：国际社会和波斯尼亚三个地区的回返者政策进程

• 批准号: 0137106
• 负责人: Gerard Toal
• 金额: $ 5.83万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-06-15 至 2005-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0137106&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Remaking; Bosnia; International

This research project investigates the refugee returnee process developed by the international community to implement Annex 7 of the Dayton Peace Accords, the peace treaty that brought the Bosnian war to an end in 1995. The central research question is: how has the international community sought to reconstitute multi-ethnic Bosnian places and how have local authorities mediated this process? Field-research is grounded in three ethnically-cleansed Bosnian localities - Bosnian Croat-controlled Jajce, Bosniak-controlled Travnik, and Bosnian Serb-controlled Derventa - which were multi-ethnic places before the war. The international community has been active in all three localities promoting returns but with modest results so far. In answering the research question, data are collected from three sources: policy decisions, reports, and operational procedures generated by institutional actors involved in implementing Annex 7 of the Dayton Peace Accords; semi-structured interviews with key international, national, and local decision-makers in the returnee policy process; and focus group sessions with returnees in the selected research sites. Multiple methodological strategies will be used to study the data gathered including mapping the geographies of displacement and return, charting the reconstruction and return policy process, discourse analysis of policy-maker and implementation storylines at various scales, and discourse analysis of the perspectives of returnees themselves.This research project investigates a nascent contradiction in the Dayton Peace Accords, which, on the one hand, pledged to reverse ethnic cleansing, but, on the other hand, sanctioned a segregated Bosnia created by ethnic cleansing and ruled by local authorities committed to ethnonationalism. This contradiction has given rise to a struggle between the international community and local authorities to define the ethnic and political geography of Bosnia. The study focuses on local municipalities to analyze how the extensive efforts of the international community to reverse ethnic cleansing in Bosnia impacted particular places. More broadly, it develops a conceptual understanding of the problems associated with the rebuilding of post-conflict states, especially the political geographic aspects of ethnic identity. It offers insight into how post-conflict plans conceived in international peace agreements are mediated and thereby transformed by the local contexts of their implementation.

这一研究项目调查了国际社会为执行《代顿和平协定》附件7而制定的难民回返进程，该和平条约于1995年结束了波斯尼亚战争。中心研究问题是：国际社会如何寻求重建波斯尼亚多民族聚居地，地方当局如何调停这一进程？实地研究的基础是三个种族清洗的波斯尼亚地区--波斯尼亚克族控制的Jajce、波斯尼亚克族控制的特拉夫尼克和波斯尼亚塞族控制的Derventa--这三个地区在战前是多民族聚居的地方。国际社会在这三个地区都积极推动回返，但迄今收效甚微。在回答研究问题时，从三个来源收集数据：参与执行《代顿和平协定》附件7的机构行为者产生的政策决定、报告和业务程序；对回返者政策进程中的主要国际、国家和地方决策者的半结构化访谈；以及与选定研究地点的回返者举行的重点小组会议。将使用多种方法策略来研究收集的数据，包括绘制流离失所和回归的地理位置，绘制重建和回归政策进程的图表，在不同尺度上对政策制定者和执行故事情节进行话语分析，以及对回归者本身的观点进行话语分析。这一研究项目调查了代顿和平协议中的一个新出现的矛盾，该协议一方面承诺扭转种族清洗，但另一方面批准了一个由种族清洗造成的隔离的波斯尼亚，并由致力于种族非民族主义的地方当局统治。这一矛盾引起了国际社会和地方当局之间为确定波斯尼亚的种族和政治地理而进行的斗争。这项研究的重点是当地市镇，以分析国际社会为扭转波斯尼亚的种族清洗所作的广泛努力如何影响到特定的地方。更广泛地说，它发展了对与冲突后国家重建有关的问题的概念性理解，特别是族裔认同的政治地理方面。它使人们能够深入了解国际和平协定中设想的冲突后计划是如何被调解的，从而因执行这些协定的当地背景而改变的。