Functional Morphology of Feeding and Locomotion in Sharks

鲨鱼摄食和运动的功能形态学

• 批准号: 0137912
• 负责人: Cheryl Wilga
• 金额: $ 4.8万
• 依托单位: University of Rhode Island
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-12-01 至 2004-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0137912&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Functional; Morphology; Feeding; Locomotion; Sharks

This project will investigate interrelationships between feeding and swimming behavior in the evolution of sharks. The first study tests whether ecological habitat influences swimming behavior in sharks. High-speed video and electromyography will be used to analyze fin, body, and tail movements during swimming in the spiny dogfish shark, a shark that is an open ocean swimmer, and the bamboo shark, a bottom-dwelling shark. The study addresses the question of whether open ocean sharks swim differently than other sharks. Another question that will be addressed is whether bottom-dwelling and open ocean sharks can control their fin movements to change the forces generated during swimming. The second study investigates the feeding mechanism of sharks eating hard prey. Feeding on hard prey is rare in sharks. High-speed video and electromyography will be used to analyzing head and jaw movements and muscle activity during feeding. The PI will analyze bamboo sharks eating hard prey, bamboo sharks eating soft prey, and bonnethead sharks eating hard prey. The results will be used to test previous predictions for jaw force and lever systems in sharks. This research will increase our understanding of feeding and swimming behavior in sharks.

这个项目将研究鲨鱼进化过程中摄食和游泳行为之间的相互关系。第一项研究测试生态栖息地是否影响鲨鱼的游泳行为。 高速视频和肌电图将被用来分析鳍，身体和尾巴的运动在游泳过程中，在刺角鲨，鲨鱼是一个开放的海洋游泳者，竹鲨，底栖鲨鱼。 这项研究解决了公海鲨鱼游泳是否与其他鲨鱼不同的问题。另一个将要解决的问题是，底栖和公海鲨鱼是否可以控制它们的鳍运动，以改变游泳过程中产生的力。 第二项研究调查鲨鱼吃硬猎物的摄食机制。 以硬猎物为食在鲨鱼中是罕见的。高速视频和肌电图将被用来分析头部和下巴的运动和肌肉活动在喂养。 PI将分析吃硬猎物的竹鲨，吃软猎物的竹鲨和吃硬猎物的双头鲨。 研究结果将用于测试以前对鲨鱼下颌力和杠杆系统的预测。这项研究将增加我们对鲨鱼摄食和游泳行为的了解。