Dissertation Improvement Grant: Social Space and Community Interaction in Late Holocene Coastal California: Archaeological Perspectives from the Northern Channel Islands

论文改进补助金：全新世晚期加州沿海的社会空间和社区互动：北海峡群岛的考古学视角

• 批准号: 0201668
• 负责人: Jon Erlandson
• 金额: $ 1.19万
• 依托单位: University of Oregon Eugene
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-03-01 至 2004-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0201668&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Social; Space

Under the direction of Dr. Jon Erlandson, MS Torben Rick will collect data for his doctoral dissertation research, excavating five archaeological sites on California's Northern Channel Islands that date within the last 4,000 years. Native peoples of the southern California Coast and Channel Islands were among the most populous and culturally complex hunter-gatherers in the world. During the historic era, Chumash and Tongva peoples in the region lived in large villages or towns, some with as many as 1,000 residents, had hierarchical sociopolitical organization, and used shell bead money to purchase a variety of goods and services. The Northern Channel Islands also contain the earliest evidence of maritime peoples in North America and a spectacular record of coastal hunter-gatherers that spans the last 12,000 years. This continuous archaeological sequence, along with the excellent preservation of Channel Islands archaeological sites, provides a unique opportunity to investigate the evolution of cultural complexity among hunter-gatherers with great time depth and relatively high precision. The archaeological sites where research will be conducted are extremely well preserved villages that contain dense accumulations of shellfish, fish and sea mammal bones, a variety of artifacts, and three of the sites also contain circular depressions that are the remains of house structures. These sites provide an important laboratory for documenting aspects of community and household life among coastal peoples in the region. Excavation and mapping of these villages will provide a means to assess the evolution of Chumash society, with a specific focus on how communities and households structured and maintained hierarchical sociopolitical organization. This project will increase our understanding of community and household archaeology, maritime adaptations, the evolution of complex hunter-gatherers, and the relationships between environmental and cultural changes. Ultimately, the data gathered will enhance our understanding of the causal mechanisms behind the development of hierarchy, social inequality, and other highly significant evolutionary changes in human behavior.

在乔恩·厄兰森博士的指导下，托本·里克女士将为他的博士论文研究收集数据，挖掘加州北方海峡群岛上的五个考古遗址，这些遗址的历史可以追溯到过去4,000年。南加州海岸和海峡群岛的土著居民是世界上人口最多、文化最复杂的狩猎采集者。在历史时期，该地区的丘马什人和通瓦人居住在大村庄或城镇，有些居民多达1，000人，有等级社会政治组织，并使用贝壳珠货币购买各种商品和服务。北方海峡群岛还拥有北美海洋民族最早的证据，以及跨越过去12,000年的沿海狩猎采集者的壮观记录。这种连续的考古序列，沿着海峡群岛考古遗址的良好保存，提供了一个独特的机会，以极大的时间深度和相对较高的精度来研究狩猎采集者之间文化复杂性的演变。将进行研究的考古遗址是保存非常完好的村庄，其中包含贝类，鱼类和海洋哺乳动物骨骼的密集堆积，各种人工制品，其中三个遗址还包含房屋结构遗迹的圆形凹陷。这些遗址为记录该区域沿海民族的社区和家庭生活提供了重要的实验室。对这些村庄的挖掘和测绘将为评估丘马什社会的演变提供一种手段，特别关注社区和家庭如何构建和维持等级社会政治组织。该项目将增加我们对社区和家庭考古学，海洋适应，复杂狩猎采集者的演变以及环境和文化变化之间的关系的理解。最终，收集到的数据将增强我们对等级制度、社会不平等和人类行为中其他高度重要的进化变化背后的因果机制的理解。