GEM: Observational Tests of Radiation Belt Theories and Models in the Geospace Environment Modeling (GEM) Inner Magnetosphere Storms Campaign

该研究方案将通过将理论和模型结果与从美国航天局极地卫星和全球定位系统卫星获得的观测数据进行比较，检验目前关于辐射带的理论和模型。它将发展不同L壳层和不同当地时间的粒子俯仰角分布的统计描述，作为磁暴相位的函数。这将使得区分相对论电子的输运和损失的竞争理论成为可能。它还将确定在不同条件下，哪些机制主导着迁移和损失过程。此外，该项目还将为地球空间环境建模活动中选定用于研究内磁层和磁暴的事件绘制随时间变化的相空间密度剖面图。这些剖面图将提供给空间物理学界，以帮助了解相对论性电子加速发生的时间和地点。这些轮廓也将有助于限制目前正在进行的理论工作。

This research program will test current theories and models of the radiation belts by comparing the theoretical and model results with observational data obtained from the NASA Polar satellite and the GPS satellites. It will develop statistical descriptions of the particle pitch angle distributions for different L-shells and different local times as a function of the phase of a magnetic storm. This will make it possible to distinguish among competing theories for the transport and loss of relativistic electrons. It will also determine which mechanisms dominate the transport and loss processes under different conditions. In addition, the project will develop time-dependent phase space density profiles for the events selected for study in the Geospace Environment Modeling campaign on the inner magnetosphere and magnetic storms. These profiles will be made available to the space physics community to help establish an understanding of when and where relativistic electron acceleration is occurring. The profiles will also be useful in constraining the theoretical work currently being done.