Managing Energy as a First Class Operating System Resource

管理计算机的能源消耗需要能源感知应用程序和操作系统之间的合作。本研究旨在充分探索围绕应用程序与操作系统交互的能量管理空间。应用程序应在适当时调整其能源消耗，但必须提供有关其个人能源消耗的准确信息。操作系统必须实现确定能源消耗的机制和策略，并将其作为全局系统资源公平分配。本研究将首先重新审视操作系统结构，并强调将能源作为一级资源进行管理。能源管理跨越了所有传统的系统资源，CPU、磁盘、网络和内存都表现出独特的能源消耗特征。下一步，工作将探索为竞争任务分配能量的政策。目标是在遵守用户指定的优先级和软实时截止日期的同时保持公平性。这项研究的最终产品将是一个全面的框架，用于在各种场景下全球管理能源，从单个移动计算机到可能具有跨越大量传感器的总目标的无线传感器网络，再到希望以最小能耗提供最大性能的托管中心。

Managing the energy consumption of computers requires cooperationbetween energy aware applications and operating systems. Thisresearch seeks to fully explore the energy management spacesurrounding the interaction of applications and the operating system.Applications should adjust their energy consumption when appropriate,but must be provided accurate information on their individual energyconsumption. The operating system must implement the mechanisms andpolicies to determine energy consumption and allocate it fairly as aglobal system resource.This research will first re-examine operating system structure with anemphasis on managing energy as a first class resource. Energymanagement cuts across all traditional system resources, with the CPU,disk, network, and memory all exhibiting unique energy consumptioncharacteristics. Next, the work will explore policies for allocatingenergy to competing tasks. The goal is to maintain fairness whileobserving user-specified priorities and soft real-time deadlines.The end product of this research will be a comprehensive framework forglobally managing energy in a diverse set of scenarios, ranging from asingle mobile computer, to wireless sensor networks that may haveaggregate goals across a large number of sensors, to hosting centersthat wish to provide maximum performance with minimum energyconsumption.