Common pools of genetic resources

共同遗传资源库

• 批准号: 158005230
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Gerd Winter
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Forschungsstelle für Europäisches Umweltrecht (FEU)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2008-12-31 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/158005230?language=en
• 关键词: Common; pools; genetic; resources

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) devises access to genetic resources as a bilateral exchange between the provider and user state. This arrangement is largely inefficient and distributionally unjust. The submitted research project looks for solutions which are both more efficient and more equitable. The solution tested is common pools of genetic material and of genetic information. They have the potential of facilitating access, monitoring uses, collecting benefit shares and forwarding them to all source countries. The project will explore the structures, functioning and legal instruments of existing common pools including networks of in situ genetic material, collections and networks of ex situ resources, data banks and meta-databanks of genetic information, and networks and collections of traditional knowledge. The empirical and legal analysis strives to produce an improved typology of common pools and explain why or why not pools emerge. It will be attempted to develop a legal model for common pools, in particular one for genetic information bases and metabases, and one for regional pools of in situ and ex situ genetic resources, which may be linked with the multilateral system of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources.

《生物多样性公约》（CBD）将遗传资源的获取定义为提供者和使用者之间的双边交换。这种安排在很大程度上是低效的，在分配上也是不公平的。提交的研究项目寻求更有效和更公平的解决方案。测试的解决方案是遗传物质和遗传信息的共同库。它们具有便利获取、监测使用情况、收集惠益份额并将其转交给所有来源国的潜力。该项目将探讨现有共同资源库的结构、运作和法律的文书，包括原地遗传材料网络、非原地资源的收集和网络、遗传信息数据库和元数据库以及传统知识网络和收集。经验和法律的分析力求提出一种更好的共同资金池类型，并解释为什么会出现或为什么不会出现资金池。将试图为共同库，特别是遗传信息库和遗传物质库，以及可能与《植物遗传资源国际条约》多边系统相联系的就地和异地遗传资源区域库，制定一个法律的模式。