Seismic Trenching for the Pulse of the Earthquake Engine

地震发动机脉冲的地震挖沟

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    0207372
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 36.21万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2002
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2002-07-01 至 2006-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

EAR-0207372: SEISMIC TRENCHING FOR THE PULSE OF THE EARTHQUAKEENGINERonald L. Bruhn and Gerard SchusterDepartment of Geology and GeophysicsUniversity of UtahSalt Lake City, UT 84112-01 11PROJECT ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research project is to study how earthquakes occur on normal faults. The patterns of earthquake recurrence in space and time provide the 'pulse' of the earthquake engine. Investigating these patterns is revealing the complex processes that interact to generate earthquakes within the earth. Successfully understanding the nature of past heartbeats is the key to predicting the future behavior of large faults that generate earthquakes.Until now, trenching across fault scarps has been the primary tool for revealing the past history of earthquakes. By carefully logging the sedimentary deposits in trenches, geologists have been successful in deducing the sizes and recurrence intervals of past earthquakes. However, there are three shortcomings with the trenching method: it is expensive and environmentally intrusive, it is limited to depths no deeper than about 30 feet, and yields only a vei7tical cross-section of the fault. These limitations mean that the earthquake heartbeat is poorly sampled in both space and time, which can lead to erroneous conclusions about the nature of earthquakes. To overcome these problems, and to answer fundamental questions about the heartbeat of normal faulting, University of Utah earth scientists are conducting more than two dozen shallow seismic experiments over fault scarps in the Oquirrh, Stansbury and Wasatch faults. These are three large normal fault zones located in the Wasatch Front of Utah. The first arrival times of the recorded seismic waves yield velocity tomograms, or images, that delineate both the shallow and deep patterns of sedimentary 'colluvial' wedges that formed in response to the offset of the earth's surface during past earthquakes. When identified, the colluvial wedges to a depth of 50 m or so are cored by a powerful Odex drill, and samples of the deposits surrounding and within the wedges are dated by a variety of dating methods. By this procedure the science team is extending our knowledge of earthquake behavior beyond 100,000 years, and significantly extending the history of earthquakes along the Wasatch Fault and other faults in the eastern Basin and Range Province. This combined use of seismic tomography, drilling and dating methods is referred to as seismic trenching.The extended earthquake history being determined during this study provides new information for predicting the future history of earthquakes in the region, and for creating a new generation of mechanical models of processes of faulting. The research has significant impact on the applied field of earthquake hazards and the basic science of earthquake mechanics.
地震工程师Ronald L.犹他大学地质与地球物理系,犹他州盐湖城湖城,犹他州84112-01 11项目摘要本研究项目的目的是研究地震如何发生在正断层上。 地震在空间和时间上的重现模式提供了地震引擎的“脉冲”。 研究这些模式可以揭示地球内部相互作用产生地震的复杂过程。 成功地理解过去心跳的性质是预测产生地震的大断层未来行为的关键。到目前为止,在断层崖上挖沟一直是揭示地震过去历史的主要工具。 通过仔细记录海沟中的沉积物,地质学家已经成功地推断出过去地震的规模和复发间隔。 然而,挖沟法有三个缺点:费用昂贵,对环境有干扰,深度不超过30英尺,只能得到断层的垂直横截面。 这些限制意味着地震心跳在空间和时间上都很难采样,这可能导致对地震性质的错误结论。 为了克服这些问题,并回答有关正常断层心跳的基本问题,犹他州大学的地球科学家们正在奥奎赫、斯坦斯伯里和瓦萨奇断层的断层陡坎上进行二十多项浅层地震实验。 这是位于犹他州瓦萨奇前缘的三个大型正断层带。 记录的地震波的第一次到达时间产生速度断层扫描图或图像,描绘了沉积的“崩积”楔形物的浅部和深部模式,这些楔形物是在过去地震期间地球表面偏移的反应中形成的。 在确定崩积楔后,用强力Odex钻取50米左右深度的岩芯,用各种测年方法测定楔周围和楔内沉积物样品的年代。 通过这一程序,科学小组将我们对地震行为的认识扩展到10万年以上,并显著延长了东部盆地和山脉省沿着瓦萨奇断层和其他断层的地震历史。 这种地震层析成像、钻探和测年方法的综合使用被称为地震槽探。在这项研究中确定的延长的地震历史为预测该地区未来的地震历史提供了新的信息,并为建立新一代的断层作用过程的力学模型提供了新的信息。 该研究对地震灾害应用领域和地震力学基础科学具有重大影响。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)

数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
  • DOI:
    {{ item.doi }}
  • 发表时间:
    {{ item.publish_year }}
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    {{ item.factor }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.authors }}
  • 通讯作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ monograph.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ sciAawards.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ conferencePapers.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ patent.updateTime }}

Ronald Bruhn其他文献

Ronald Bruhn的其他文献

{{ item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
  • DOI:
    {{ item.doi }}
  • 发表时间:
    {{ item.publish_year }}
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    {{ item.factor }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.authors }}
  • 通讯作者:
    {{ item.author }}

{{ truncateString('Ronald Bruhn', 18)}}的其他基金

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: St. Elias Erosion and Tectonics Project (STEEP)
合作研究:圣埃利亚斯侵蚀与构造项目 (STEEP)
  • 批准号:
    1009584
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: St. Elias Erosion/tectonics Project (STEEP)
合作研究:圣埃利亚斯侵蚀/构造项目 (STEEP)
  • 批准号:
    0408959
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: The Fairweather-St. Elias Orogenic System: A Slip Partitioned Transpressional Orogen
合作研究:费尔韦瑟-圣。
  • 批准号:
    9725339
  • 财政年份:
    1998
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Fluid Pressure and Compartments: Origin and Role in Tectonics of Arc- Forearc Regions
流体压力和隔室:弧前区域构造的起源和作用
  • 批准号:
    9316347
  • 财政年份:
    1994
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Structural and Fluid-Chemical Properties of Active Normal Faults
活动正断层的结构和流体化学性质
  • 批准号:
    9104677
  • 财政年份:
    1991
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Processes of Crustal Extension in East-Central Idaho
爱达荷州中东部地壳扩张过程
  • 批准号:
    8721100
  • 财政年份:
    1988
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Structure and Mechanics of Seismogenic Fault Zones; A Comparative Study of Transtensional Faulting in Yunnan Province, China and Western Cordillera, United States
发震断裂带的结构与机制;
  • 批准号:
    8707986
  • 财政年份:
    1987
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Geomechanical and Geochemical Analyses of Basin and Range Normal Faulting--Dixie Valley Faults, NV
盆地和山脉正断层的地质力学和地球化学分析--内华达州迪克西谷断层
  • 批准号:
    8618250
  • 财政年份:
    1987
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Integrated Structural and Rheological Analyses of Basement Deformation in a Foreland Fold and Thrust Belt: Wasatch Mountains, Utah
前陆褶皱和冲断带基底变形的综合结构和流变分析:犹他州瓦萨奇山脉
  • 批准号:
    8420774
  • 财政年份:
    1985
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Tectonics of the Border Ranges Fault Systems and Adjacent Terranes, Western Chugach Mountains, Alaska
阿拉斯加西楚加奇山脉边界山脉断层系统和邻近地体的构造
  • 批准号:
    8020468
  • 财政年份:
    1980
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

相似海外基金

Test trenching in the immediate vicinity of the mounded site of Girda Dasht (Iraqi-Kurdistan, district of Soran)
在吉尔达达什特(伊拉克-库尔德斯坦,索兰区)土丘附近进行测试挖沟
  • 批准号:
    449459886
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Evaluating evaluation trenching in archaeological projects
评估考古项目中的挖沟工作
  • 批准号:
    2068179
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Studentship
Seismic trenching by shallow hi-resolution seismic reflection method
浅层高分辨率地震反射法地震挖沟
  • 批准号:
    06452410
  • 财政年份:
    1994
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
Detailed Geomorphological and Geological Investigations for the Major Active Faults Carried out by Trenching
通过挖沟对主要活动断层进行详细的地貌和地质调查
  • 批准号:
    62580201
  • 财政年份:
    1987
  • 资助金额:
    $ 36.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
{{ showInfoDetail.title }}

作者:{{ showInfoDetail.author }}

知道了