The Influence of lst-and 2nd-Hand Investigations on Learning Opportunities and Outcomes in Inquiry-Based Science in the Elementary School

第一手和第二手调查对小学探究性科学学习机会和成果的影响

• 批准号: 0207651
• 负责人: Annemarie Palincsar
• 金额: $ 85.58万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-07-01 至 2006-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0207651&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Influence; lst; 2nd; Hand; Investigations

This three-year project explores the influence of two modes of investigation, 1st- and 2nd-hand, on student development of scientific knowledge and reasoning. In 1st-hand investigations students have direct experience with phenomena. In the 2nd-hand investigations students interact with informal text, either in a traditional format or an innovative format modeled after the notebook of a scientist. The project proposes to conduct a series of three studies in schools with diverse populations: rural, urban-poor, and urban bilingual. In Study 1 and 2, the instruction of the unit will be done by the investigators and will be conducted with groups of 12 students during the school day. In Study 3 the instruction will be done by the teachers and it will involve four whole classes. Study 1 is a mixed experimental design in which 48 students will participate. Students, matched for general achievement, will be randomly assigned to four sequences. Sequence varies mode of instruction (1st- and 2nd-hand investigations) and topic (force- and mass-motion). Instruction will be videotaped, and interviews will be conducted to a randomly selected sample of 4 students on each group. Study 2 includes a third variable: mode of 2nd-hand investigations, traditional or notebook. It is a five-condition study involving different sequences. During this study, a classroom observation instrument will be developed. Study 3 will involve the implementation of the conditions that proved to have the best outcomes in Study 2. The study will try to identify individual differences that may interact with the type of condition. Instruction will be documented (taped) twice during the course of each mode of investigation. The classroom observation instrument will be administered during each investigation. A random sample of 8 students within each class will be interviewed twice in each instructional phase. The study will advance understanding of how instruction can maximize student learning in different inquiry contexts. A new classroom observation tool will be developed

这个为期三年的项目探讨了第一手和第二手两种调查模式对学生科学知识和推理发展的影响。 在第一手调查中，学生对现象有直接的体验。 在第二手调查中，学生与非正式文本互动，无论是传统格式还是模仿科学家笔记本的创新格式。 该项目建议在不同人群的学校中开展一系列三项研究：农村人口、城市贫困人口和城市双语人口。 在研究 1 和 2 中，该单元的教学将由调查员完成，并在上课期间以 12 名学生为一组进行。 在学习 3 中，教学将由教师完成，将涉及整个四节课。 研究 1 是一项混合实验设计，将有 48 名学生参与。 与一般成绩相匹配的学生将被随机分配到四个序列。 顺序因教学模式（第一手和第二手调查）和主题（力运动和质量运动）而异。 教学过程将被录像，并对每组随机抽取 4 名学生进行访谈。 研究 2 包括第三个变量：二手调查的模式，传统的或笔记本的。 这是一项涉及不同序列的五条件研究。 在这项研究期间，将开发一种课堂观察仪器。 研究 3 将涉及研究 2 中证明具有最佳结果的条件的实施。该研究将尝试识别可能与条件类型相互作用的个体差异。 在每种调查模式的过程中，指令将被记录（录音）两次。 每次调查期间都会使用课堂观察仪器。 每个班级随机抽取 8 名学生，在每个教学阶段接受两次访谈。 该研究将加深对教学如何在不同探究环境下最大限度地提高学生学习的理解。 将开发新的课堂观察工具