Hypocrella and Aschersonia: Systematics and Evolution in the Clavicipitaceae (Ascomycota)

Hypocrella 和 Aschersonia：麦角菌科（子囊菌门）的系统学和进化

• 批准号: 0212719
• 负责人: Kathie Hodge
• 金额: $ 9.65万
• 依托单位: Cornell Univ - State: AWDS MADE PRIOR MAY 2010
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-12-01 至 2004-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0212719&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Hypocrella; Aschersonia; Systematics; Evolution; Clavicipitaceae

0212719Hodge Few studies have been conducted to test species limits in fungi used in insect biocontrol programs. One such group of ascomycete fungi is the Hypocrella and Aschersonia group, the former with sexual, ascospore producing phases and the latter with only or usually asexual spore forming phases, but shown with recent DNA sequence data to be likely close relatives of various sexual Hypocrella species. These fungi mostly infect Homoptera insects, usually scale insects and whiteflies, and some were used early in the 1900s to control pests of citrus groves in Florida. The taxonomic boundaries between species and the linkages between sexual and asexual forms remain poorly studied, which in turn has limited the development of improved biocontrol agents. Dr. Kathie Hodge of Cornell University will work with graduate students there to analyze species relationships in the critical Aschersonia aleyrodis and A. goldiana complex, with a focus on integrating data from morphology, mating trials, and multi-gene sequences to establish species circumscriptions that reflect biological properties of the organisms while providing practical tools for rapid identification from observable phenotypic features. Taxonomic data will be gathered from existing herbarium specimens and laboratory cultures, and from material newly collected during field work in Florida and elsewhere, augmented with material provided by colleagues around the world. New taxonomic identification resources and keys will be generated. Evolutionary relationships will be assessed through phylogenetic analyses of morphological characters and of DNA sequence data obtained from several nuclear ribosomal and protein-coding genes. A graduate student will be trained in collecting techniques and in modern phylogenetic systematics. Publications and Internet-based resources will be generated to transmit the results of the work to other biologists and to the public.

0212719霍奇很少有研究已经进行了测试在昆虫生物防治计划中使用的真菌的物种限制。其中一组子囊菌是竹红菌属和座壳菌属，前者具有有性子囊孢子产生阶段，后者仅具有或通常具有无性孢子形成阶段，但最近的DNA序列数据显示可能是各种有性竹红菌属物种的近亲。这些真菌主要感染同翅目昆虫，通常是介壳虫和粉虱，有些在20世纪初被用来控制佛罗里达的柑橘格罗夫斯园的害虫。物种之间的分类界限以及有性形式和无性形式之间的联系仍然研究得很少，这反过来又限制了改进生物防治剂的发展。康奈尔大学的Kathie Hodge博士将与那里的研究生一起分析关键的Aschersonia aleyrodis和A。goldiana复合体，重点是整合形态学，交配试验和多基因序列的数据，以建立反映生物体生物学特性的物种环境，同时为从可观察的表型特征快速识别提供实用工具。 分类学数据将从现有的植物标本馆标本和实验室培养物中收集，并从佛罗里达和其他地方实地工作期间新收集的材料中收集，并通过世界各地的同事提供的材料进行补充。将产生新的分类鉴定资源和检索表。进化关系将通过形态特征的系统发育分析和从几个核核糖体和蛋白质编码基因获得的DNA序列数据进行评估。一名研究生将接受采集技术和现代系统发生学的培训。出版物和基于互联网的资源将产生的工作成果传递给其他生物学家和公众。