Collaborative Research on the Effects of Plant Species and Functional Types on Diversity, Ecosystem Function, and Ecosystem Response to Perturbation in Arctic Tundra

北极苔原植物种类和功能类型对多样性、生态系统功能和生态系统对扰动的响应的合作研究

基本信息

批准号：
0213130
负责人：
Marion Bret-Harte
金额：
$ 34.35万
依托单位：
University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2002-08-01 至 2006-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0213130&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Effects Plant Species

项目摘要

Human activities are increasingly affecting earth's environment and ecosystems not only through direct impacts on climate and element cycling, but also by increasing the pace of introductions and extinctions of species. Because carbon and nutrients are cycled through the biosphere and plant species differ in traits that affect the rates of cycling of these elements, the abundance and diversity of species must affect ecosystem function. However, the extent to which individual plant species affect ecosystem function and the relationship between species diversity and ecosystem response to perturbation are still largely unknown. To what extent can plant species substitute for each other in ecosystem function? What key traits determine whether a plant species' effect on nutrient cycling can be substituted by other species? A field experiment in Alaskan tussock tundra will examine these questions by removing different combinations of plant species in the presence and absence of fertilization. The investigators will obtain a detailed picture of how interactions between plant species control how nutrients are redistributed under fertilization, because nutrients are a primary control over carbon storage in this highly nutrient-limited ecosystem. They will also track potential introductions of new species as plant community composition shifts because of the removals or fertilization. The results will help reveal how human-induced environmental perturbations may change the mechanisms controlling ecosystem carbon storage and plant species abundance and diversity.This is a collaborative project with Michelle Mack (DEB-0212749)

人类活动越来越多地影响地球环境和生态系统，不仅通过对气候和元素循环的直接影响，而且还通过提高了物种的介绍和灭绝的速度。由于碳和养分在影响这些元素循环速率的性状上通过生物圈进行了循环，因此物种的丰度和多样性必须影响生态系统功能。但是，单个植物物种影响生态系统功能的程度以及物种多样性与生态系统对扰动的关系之间的关系仍然很大程度上是未知的。在生态系统功能中，植物物种在多大程度上可以在多大程度上替代？哪些关键特征决定了植物物种对营养循环的影响是否可以被其他物种代替？在阿拉斯加tussock苔原中进行的现场实验将通过在存在和不存在受精的情况下去除植物物种的不同组合来检查这些问题。研究人员将获得详细的图片，说明植物物种之间的相互作用如何控制养分如何在受精下重新分布，因为养分是对这个高度营养限制的生态系统中碳储存的主要控制。由于去除或受精，他们还将跟踪新物种的潜在引入，因为植物群落组成的转移。结果将有助于揭示人类引起的环境扰动如何改变控制生态系统碳储存和植物物种丰度和多样性的机制。这是与Michelle Mack的合作项目（DEB-0212749）