BE/CNH: Urban Trace-gas Emissions Study (UTES): Interactions Among Canopy Processes, Anthropogenic Emissions, and Social Institutions in the Salt Lake Valley, Utah

BE/CNH：城市微量气体排放研究 (UTES)：犹他州盐湖谷冠层过程、人为排放和社会机构之间的相互作用

• 批准号: 0215768
• 负责人: Craig Forster
• 金额: $ 149.9万
• 依托单位: University of Utah
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-01 至 2007-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0215768&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CNH; Urban; Trace; gas; Emissions

The majority of greenhouse gases and other atmospheric pollutants originate in cities, but the linkages among urban vegetation, human activities, and the urban airshed are poorly understood. Carbon dioxide and water vapor are greenhouse gases that affect local, regional, and global climate, while volatile organic compounds are pre-cursors to the atmospheric pollutants that form urban smog. All of these gases are emitted by human activities and by vegetation in the urban environment. Interdisciplinary collaborations of atmospheric scientists, social sciences, urban planners, and ecologists are necessary to measure the concentrations and emissions of these gases, to trace their origins, and to evaluate the implications for effective management of the urban airshed. This research project will be undertaken by a multi-disciplinary research team in order to study the complex factors affecting emissions of carbon dioxide, water vapor, and volatile organic compounds in the valley containing Salt Lake City, Utah. An atmospheric measurement and monitoring program will be implemented throughout the Salt Lake Valley in different land-use areas, such as industrial areas, residential neighborhoods, and the intensively developed city center. Analyses will distinguish the compounds associated with trace gas concentration and emission, such as vehicular emissions, industrial emissions, contributions from residential heating, and emissions from urban vegetation. After identifying the factors controlling the different components in various land uses, the investigators will develop a system-dynamics model that will facilitate examinations of the urban system as a whole. The model also will assist in quantitatively evaluating options for public policy and management.Although urban environments are ecosystems, comprehensive studies of linkages between organisms and their physical environments. This project will contribute to understanding of the high degree of complexity in urban ecosystems, and it will provide a framework for evaluating the multiple interactive factors that influence airsheds in a variety of cities. Planners and decision makers from Salt Lake City and the state of Utah will participate in this project, providing input into model development and exploring policy implications of the research results. By applying scientific measurement techniques to quantitative modeling and collaborating with local decision makers, this project will evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of different approaches to reducing greenhouse gas emissions while maintaining high air-quality standards. This project is supported by an award resulting from the FY 2002 special competition in Biocomplexity in the Environment focusing on the Dynamics of Coupled Natural and Human Systems.

大多数温室气体和其他大气污染物源自城市，但人们对城市植被、人类活动和城市空气区之间的联系知之甚少。 二氧化碳和水蒸气是影响当地、区域和全球气候的温室气体，而挥发性有机化合物是形成城市烟雾的大气污染物的前驱物。 所有这些气体都是由人类活动和城市环境中的植被排放的。 大气科学家、社会科学家、城市规划者和生态学家的跨学科合作是必要的，以测量这些气体的浓度和排放，追踪其来源，并评估其对城市空气区有效管理的影响。 该研究项目将由一个多学科的研究小组进行，以研究影响犹他湖城盐湖山谷中二氧化碳、水蒸气和挥发性有机化合物排放的复杂因素。 大气测量和监测方案将在整个盐湖山谷的不同土地使用区实施，如工业区、居民区和密集开发的市中心。 分析将区分与痕量气体浓度和排放有关的化合物，如车辆排放、工业排放、住宅供暖的贡献和城市植被的排放。 在确定了控制各种土地使用的不同组成部分的因素后，调查人员将开发一个系统动力学模型，以便于对整个城市系统进行检查。 该模型还将有助于定量评估公共政策和管理的选择，虽然城市环境是生态系统，但对生物体与其物理环境之间的联系进行全面研究。 该项目将有助于理解城市生态系统的高度复杂性，并将提供一个框架，用于评估影响各种城市空气流域的多种互动因素。 来自湖城和犹他州的企业家和决策者将参与该项目，为模型开发提供投入，并探索研究结果的政策含义。 通过将科学测量技术应用于定量建模，并与当地决策者合作，该项目将评估减少温室气体排放同时保持高空气质量标准的不同方法的可行性和有效性。 该项目得到了2002财政年度环境中生物复杂性特别竞赛的资助，该竞赛侧重于自然和人类系统耦合的动力学。