Helioseismic Probing with GONG of Subsurface Flows and their Coupling to Magnetic Activity

新的局域日震观测揭示了复杂的，大规模的，水平的太阳表面下的流动的存在。 这些引人注目的类似天气的流动模式，现在被称为太阳次表面天气，发生在一个纬向剪切层中，旋转角速度随着深度迅速增加。 流动具有复杂的模式，从一天到下一天的变化，伴随着稳定的大规模的手纬向急流和纬向环流细胞。 这种“太阳天气”的天气图表明，太阳的磁场调节流动的速度和方向。 这项工作将（1）开发一种改进的环形图分析技术，将其应用于GONG+数据，以提供太阳天气的连续实时覆盖，（2）使用天气太阳天气图更好地描述磁调制，（3）确定调制是否可以用于预测和预报太阳大气中的磁爆发活动，以及（4）评估太阳对流区内的角动量传输，以了解太阳如何维持其观测到的差异旋转。

New local-domain helioseismic observations reveal the presence of complex, large-scale, horizontal sub-solar-surface flows. These remarkable weather-like flow patterns, now called Solar Subsurface Weather, are occurring within a zonal shear layer in which the rotational angular velocity increases rapidly with depth. The flows possess intricate patterns that change from one day to the next, accompanied by steady large-scale handed zonal jets and meridional circulation cells. Synoptic maps of this "solar weather" indicate that the Sun's magnetic field modulates flow speeds and directions. This effort will (1) develop an improved ring-diagram analysis technique that will be applied to the GONG+ data to provide continuous real-time coverage of solar weather, (2) use the synoptic solar weather maps to better characterize the magnetic modulation, (3) determine if the modulation can be used to predict and forecast magnetic eruptive activity in the solar atmosphere, and (4) evaluate angular momentum transport within the solar convection zone with the goal of understanding how the Sun maintains its observed differential rotation.