A Quantitative Framework for Long-term Performance Assessment of Waste Management Infrastructure using Hazard Analysis Method

摘要-一个定量框架的长期绩效评估废物管理基础设施使用危害分析方法目前和拟议的自然灾害损失估计方法（HAZUS）的重点是传统的结构，如建筑物，公用事业和运输结构，例如，道路和桥梁。该项目的重点是制定方法，以解决由于极端事件（人为或自然）与HAZUS的联系而对废物容纳系统造成的损害。对废物管理设施的破坏可能导致剧毒污染物释放到环境中。自2001年9月11日事件以来，这些问题变得更加重要。这些设施的设计使用寿命从10年到200年不等，如果设施位于地震活动严重的地区，这一寿命就足以考虑其脆弱性。具有讽刺意味的是，大多数地震多发地区的特点是人口密度高，家庭和工业活动产生大量废物。这可能导致附近的废物管理设施高度集中，一旦遭到破坏，可能对灾害易发地区的居民造成健康和环境风险。 在该项目中，将开发定量方法，以便能够将评估美国废物控制设施潜在损害的能力纳入HAZUS。最重要的目标是能够估计这种系统对故意和自然威胁的脆弱性。 将使用威布尔形状和尺度参数对污染物的可能释放量以及在某些情况下系统结构稳定性方面的性能进行索引。 研究内容包括：分析安全壳系统的结构，以确定各组成部分在功能方面的串联和并联联系范围;制定一种方法，用于表示构成安全壳系统内运输介质的材料的劣化-时间函数;将地震和其他瞬态事件的发生和损害联系起来;制定一个筛选重大压力源的系统;制定一个交通评估子模块，其结构开放，足以容纳现有的子模块;以及建立污染物可能释放量与生态系统/人类健康暴露/风险评估方法之间的定量联系。这项研究的更广泛影响包括计划将其结果用于向地方、州和联邦机构提供技术援助，以及私营公司在敏感环境中废物管理设施的设计、选址和运作方面的经验。 该项目涉及研究、培训包括妇女和少数民族在内的三名学生、发展和吸引实践人员参与这一自然灾害/环境安全综合方案。

Abstract - A Quantitative Framework for Long-term Performance Assessment of Waste Management Infrastructure Using Hazard Analysis MethodThe current and proposed Natural Hazard Loss Estimation Methodology (HAZUS) focuses on traditional structures such as buildings, utilities and transportation structures, e.g., roads and bridges. This project focuses on the development of methodologies to address damages to waste containment systems due to extreme events (human-induced or natural) for linkage with HAZUS. Damage to waste management facilities can result in the release of highly toxic contaminants into the environment. These issues here become even more important since the events of September 11, 2001. The design service lives of these facilities range from about 10 to 200 years, which is significant enough to warrant consideration of vulnerability when the facility is located in areas of significant seismic activity. Ironically, high population densities characterize most of the earthquake-prone areas and generate high volumes of waste through domestic and industrial activities. This may lead to high concentrations of waste management facilities nearby, which when damaged may pose health and environmental risks to residents of disaster-prone areas. In this project, quantitative methodologies will be developed to enable integration into HAZUS the capability to assess potential damage to waste containment facilities in the United States. The overriding objective is to enable the estimation of the vulnerabilities of such system to intentional and natural threats. Performance, described in terms of probable release volumes of contaminants and, in some cases, system structural stability, will be indexed using Weibull shape and scale parameters. Research elements include analyses of containment system configurations to establish the ranges of series and parallel linkages among components with respect to functions; development of a methodology for representing deterioration-time functions for materials that constitute the transport media within containment systems; coupling the occurrence and damage from earthquakes and other transient events; development of a screening system for significant stressors; formulation of a transport assessment sub-module with an architecture open enough to accommodate existing submodels; and establishment of quantitative linkages between probable release volumes of contaminants and ecosystem/human health exposure/risk assessment methods.The broader impacts of this research includes the planned use of its results in technical assistance to local, state and federal agencies, and private firms on the design, siting, and operation of waste management facilities in sensitive environments. This project involves research, training of three students including women and minorities, development and engagement of practicing personnel in this composite natural disaster/environmental security program.