Dissertation Research: Fighting Engineers: U.S. Navy and Professional Mechanical Engineering, 1842-1900

论文研究：战斗工程师：美国海军和专业机械工程，1842-1900 年

• 批准号: 0220910
• 负责人: David Mindell
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-07-15 至 2003-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0220910&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Fighting; Engineers; U.S.

This dissertation research project, Fighting Engineers: The U.S. Navy and ProfessionalMechanical Engineering, 1842-1900, investigates nineteenth century Navy socialhierarchy, engineering style, and engineers. Navy engineers were few in number beforethe Civil War, but the engineering corps expanded several fold during the war. Socialconflict developed between combat and engineering officers, known throughout thesecond half of the century as the line-staff dispute. At stake was authority and prestige;line officers were unwilling to share either with shipboard engineers and fought againstany encroachment on their traditional privileges. For their part, engineers rallied supportin Congress, academia, and industry to gain the respect they felt they deserved.This dissertation connects to a broader historical theme: government sponsorshipof technology, an American phenomenon that often has a military genesis. From 1865 to1890, the U.S. Navy created modern mechanical engineering at the Naval Academy. Theformation of this new body of technical knowledge had dramatic and unforeseenmultiplier effects for the nation. By century's end, Navy engineer veterans directed thelargest industrial corporations in the country and taught at its finest universities. Theywere one critical but overlooked factor in nineteenth century American economicdevelopment. Funds for this project support research at the National Archives in Washington, D.C.

本论文的研究项目，战斗工程师：美国海军和海军机械工程，1842-1900年，调查十九世纪海军socialhierarchy，工程风格，和工程师。海军工程师在内战前人数很少，但工程兵团在战争期间扩大了几倍。战斗军官和工程军官之间的社会冲突在整个世纪的后半叶被称为一线参谋之争。这关系到权威和威望;一线军官不愿与船上的工程师分享任何东西，并反对任何对他们传统特权的侵犯。对他们来说，工程师们聚集在国会，学术界和工业界，以获得他们认为自己应得的尊重。本文连接到一个更广泛的历史主题：政府对技术的认可，这是一种美国现象，通常具有军事起源。从1865年到1890年，美国海军在海军学院创建了现代机械工程。这一新的技术知识体系的形成对国家产生了戏剧性的和不可预见的乘数效应。到了世纪末，海军工程师退伍军人领导着这个国家最大的工业公司，并在最好的大学任教。它们是世纪美国经济发展中一个重要而又被忽视的因素。 该项目的资金支持华盛顿，华盛顿特区的国家档案馆的研究