BE/CBC: Biogeochemistry of Fe(III) and Sulfate Reduction in Extreme Acidic Environments

BE/CBC：极端酸性环境中 Fe(III) 和硫酸盐还原的生物地球化学

• 批准号: 0221791
• 负责人: Klaus Rudolf Nuesslein
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Massachusetts Amherst
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-15 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0221791&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CBC; Biogeochemistry; Fe; III; Sulfate

Professor Richard Yuretich of the University of Massachusetts Amherst and coworkers are supported by the Biocomplexity-Coupled Biogeochemical Cycles program to study the microbiology, hydrology and environmental science of acid mine drainage (AMD) sites. The team will study the processes of Fe(III) and sulfate reduction in an AMD site in western Massachusetts through field studies, modeling and laboratory experiments, and will quantify the roles of acidophilic and acid-tolerant anaerobic microorganisms. Changes in hydrology and geochemistry of the stream and groundwater will be monitored as a function of distance from the AMD source. Sediment from the stream and surrounding aquifer will be examined for anaerobic microorganisms, for iron and sulfate reducing microorganisms and for the metabolic potential of these species. A variety of molecular genetic probes and polymerase chain reactions (PCR) will be used in the identification of species. Additional experiments will involve in situ microcosms in the laboratory that will be modeled in order to study attenuation. International collaboration will enable comparisons with similar mines in the United Kingdom. K12 teachers in training will act as research assistants, and real pedagogical work will be done on the effects of teaching style.Acid mine drainage results from the oxidation of pyrite and other sulfide minerals in streams and shallow groundwater. Much research has been directed toward understanding the formation of these conditions, however, the biogeochemistry of natural attenuation is relatively unknown. Organisms discovered here might have global significance in the reduction of iron and sulfate in other environments. Knowledge about microbial cycling of iron and sulfur can be applied to other ecosystems.

马萨诸塞州阿默斯特大学的Richard Yuretich教授及其同事得到了生物复杂性耦合生物地球化学循环项目的支持，研究酸性矿山排水（AMD）场地的微生物学、水文学和环境科学。 该团队将通过实地研究、建模和实验室实验，研究马萨诸塞州西部AMD场地的Fe（III）和硫酸盐还原过程，并将量化嗜酸和耐酸厌氧微生物的作用。 将监测河流和地下水的水文和地球化学变化，作为与AMD源距离的函数。 将检查河流和周围含水层的沉积物中的厌氧微生物、铁和硫酸盐还原微生物以及这些物种的代谢潜力。 将使用各种分子遗传探针和聚合酶链反应来鉴定物种。 其他实验将涉及在实验室中的原位微观世界，将建立模型，以研究衰减。 通过国际合作，将能够与联合王国的类似矿山进行比较。 K12教师在培训中将充当研究助手，对教学风格的影响做真实的教学工作。酸性矿井排水是由于溪流和浅层地下水中的黄铁矿和其他硫化物矿物氧化而产生的。 许多研究都致力于了解这些条件的形成，然而，自然衰减的地球化学相对未知。 这里发现的生物可能在其他环境中减少铁和硫酸盐方面具有全球意义。 关于铁和硫的微生物循环的知识可以应用于其他生态系统。