CAREER: Passive Site Remediation for Mitigation of Liquefaction Risk - From Concept to Technology

“被动场地修复减轻液化风险-从概念到技术“这个CAREER奖的总体目标是证明一个新概念的实际可行性，使用被动修复来减轻关键设施和生命线的土壤液化风险;并同时纳入提高公众认识的教育和外联活动，特别是女学生的工程挑战，特别是岩土工程和地质环境工程，并让学生的兴奋和创造力解决复杂的工程问题。被动场地修复与地下水过程密切相关，包括稳定剂通过地下水的迁移（污染物迁移的逆过程）。 其想法是在场地的上坡边缘缓慢注入稳定材料，并利用地下水流将稳定剂输送到可液化区域。 1995年科比地震发生了大范围的土壤液化，特别是在科比港。 修复费用估计超过110亿美元，港口业务基本上停止了几个月。 特别令人关注的是传统的地面改良方法难以或不可能实施的已开发场地，该项目的目的是通过进行实验室和试点规模的实验来证明被动场地补救的实际可行性;开发其部署的实施技术;调查核查工具以评估所取得的改善;修改用于胶凝液的数值模拟代码;并在成功完成后，制作一份设计手册供实际应用。 实际可行性正在研究使用列和中试规模的实验。 柱实验进行，以确定最佳的地球化学和物理条件下，被动场地修复可以采用。 一个跨学科的试点规模的研究设施将在德雷塞尔大学的三维建模的被动网站修复技术。 它将用于开发稳定器交付的最佳方法，并评价用于评估所取得的改进的核查工具。 将修改污染物传输代码RT 3D，以考虑变密度，变粘度的胶凝流体，并随后用于数值模拟。 该代码将使用来自柱和中试规模实验的数据进行校准，并用于进行预测建模，最终用于开发设计和分析程序。 推广和教育的最终目标是促进创造力，激发几个群体之间的想象力：本科工程专业的学生，女工程师协会（SWE）的德雷克塞尔学生分会，和小学女生从Philadelphia area.Passive网站修复技术可能有广泛的应用，对土壤液化敏感的发达地区，许多环境修复问题。

"Passive Site Remediation for Mitigation of Liquefaction Risk - From Concept to Technology"The overall objective of this CAREER award is to demonstrate the practical feasibility of a new concept using passive remediation to mitigate the risk of soil liquefaction at critical facilities and lifelines; and concurrently to incorporate education and outreach activities that will increase public awareness, and especially that of female students of the challenges of engineering in general, and geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering in particular, and to engage the students' excitement and creativity in solving complex engineering problems.Passive site remediation is integrally related to groundwater processes, including transport of stabilizers through the groundwater (the inverse of contaminant transport). The idea is to slowly inject a stabilizing material at the up-gradient edge of a site and deliver the stabilizer to the liquefiable area using the groundwater flow. Extensive soil liquefaction occurred in the 1995 Kobe earthquake, especially at the Kobe Port. The cost of repair has been estimated to be more than $11 billion, and the port operations were essentially halted for months. Of particular concern are developed sites where traditional ground improvement methods are difficult or impossible to implement.The aim of the project is to demonstrate the practical viability of passive site remediation by conducting laboratory and pilot-scale experiments; developing implementation technology for its deployment; investigating verification tools to assess the improvement achieved; modifying a numerical modeling code for use with gelling fluids; and upon successful completion, producing a design manual for practical application. The practical feasibility is being investigated using column and pilot-scale experiments. The column experiments are done to determine the optimal geochemical and physical conditions where passive site remediation could be employed. A cross-disciplinary pilot-scale research facility will be constructed at Drexel University for 3-dimensional modeling of passive site remediation techniques. It will be used to develop optimal methods for stabilizer delivery, and evaluate verification tools for assessing the improvement achieved. The contaminant transport code RT3D will be modified to account for variable-density, variable-viscosity gelling fluids, and subsequently used for numerical modeling. The code will be calibrated using the data from the column and pilot-scale experiments, and used to conduct predictive modeling, and eventually be used to develop design and analysis procedures. The ultimate goal of the outreach and education is to promote creativity and inspire imagination among several groups: undergraduate engineering students, the Drexel student chapter of the Society of Women Engineers (SWE), and elementary school girls from the Philadelphia area.Passive site remediation techniques could have broad application for developed sites susceptible to soil liquefaction, and to many environmental remediation problems.