Circulation of North Atlantic Deep Water

[01:24 . 00] reid该项目将研究中间水域下各层的环流。这将根据对大西洋、太平洋和印度洋自上而下环流的单独研究的结果得出（Reid， 1994年、1997年和出版中）。对三大洋的倾覆流线作了一些初步的研究。这些更深的地层包括北大西洋北部形成的温暖、含盐、富氧和缺乏营养的水域，以及南极洲周围和挪威-格陵兰海形成的低盐和较冷的水域。这些层中最浅的是北大西洋深水。整个大西洋，沿着南极绕极流，向北延伸到印度洋和太平洋，都可以看到这一非常含盐的层。这项工作将通过检查沿等平面和垂直剖面的盐度、氧气和二氧化硅的模式来完成。这项工作应该对水、热、盐和营养物质的垂直交换和三大洋之间的交换研究产生广泛的影响。它可以为检验各种气候研究提供一个背景。研究海洋环流的问题之一是，有可能实现平衡热输送和质量的模型，但没有实际的流动模式，基于地转切变和示踪剂的结果（Reid在三大洋的工作）可能具有平衡的总输送和实际的流动模式，但不能平衡层内的热输送或循环。

0241007 ReidThis project will study the circulation of the various layers lying beneath the Intermediate water. This will follow from the results of the separate studies of the top-to-bottom circulation of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans (Reid, 1994, 1997, and in press). Some preliminary work has been done on the overturning streamlines in the three oceans . These deeper layers include the warm, saline, oxygen-rich and nutrient-poor waters formed in the northern North Atlantic and the less-saline and colder waters formed around Antarctica and in the Norwegian-Greenland Sea. The shallowest of these layers is the North Atlantic Deep Water. This very saline layer can be recognized throughout the Atlantic Ocean, along the Antarctic circumpolar current, and extending northward into the Indian and Pacific oceans. The work will be done by examining the patterns of salinity, oxygen, and silica along isopycnal surfaces and on vertical sections. The work should have a broad impact on studies of exchanges of water, heat, salt, and nutrients both vertically and among the three oceans. It may provide a background against which the various climate studies can be examined. One of the problems in studying ocean circulation is that it is possible to achieve models that balance heat transport and mass but do not have realistic flow patterns, and that results based upon geostrophic shear and tracers (Reid's work in the three oceans) may have balanced total transport and realistic flow patterns but do not balance heat transport or circulation within layers.