Next Generation Flux Meters For Enhanced Geochemical And High-Resolution Real-Time Benthic Flux Monitoring

P.I. Brown, Kevin （SIO）提案号：0241998提案标题：用于增强地球化学和高分辨率实时底物通量监测的下一代通量计项目摘要该提案将资助开发和建造两台原型仪器，用于测量大陆边缘地区典型的冷渗环境中的流体通量。这些仪器具有从潮汐到数月尺度的长期监测流动瞬态和地球化学采样的改进能力。这些资金将用于建造和海上测试(a)电子光流系统（OFS）和(b)优化地球化学采样（包括稀有气体）的增强型渗透流量计系统（CAT II）。这两种底栖测量装置可以结合使用或单独使用，以以下方式测量冷渗环境中感兴趣的溶解化学物质的流体流量和通量：A)与卫星/浮标或电缆观测站联合使用时的实时流体流量测量，b)测量从潮汐到数月时间尺度的流体流动的瞬态，c)增强了与远程收集室的海底耦合，以消除电流引起的噪声，d)减少了收集室的死区，改善了地球化学采样的响应时间，e)增加了稀有气体和甲烷的气体采样能力，提高了化学采样能力。PI将在实验室模拟、海上和现场对新仪器进行测试，通过部署在可用于比较其他测量结果的渗区。Pi还在东北太平洋温哥华岛附近的努特卡断层上，积极地在一个原型深水、声学连接、系泊浮标海底观测站进行测试。这个长达18个月的系泊浮标位于一个活跃的渗漏区域，浮标将配备海底地震仪（OBS）、声多普勒电流分析器（ADCP）、温度、化学传感器、底部压力和孔隙压力传感器、不同类型的渗水仪和电导率-温度-深度（CTD）传感器。这些额外的数据将使PI能够将他的结果与几种不同类型的流体流动估计方法（例如孔隙压力传感器）以及驱动任何流动瞬态的不同潜在脉冲（例如潮汐，洋流和地震）相关联。

P.I. Brown, Kevin (SIO) Proposal #: 0241998Proposal Title: Next Generation Flux Meters For Enhanced Geochemical And High-Resolution Real-Time Benthic Flux MonitoringProject Summary This proposal will fund the development and construction of two prototype instruments that measure fluid flux in cold seep environments typical of continental margin areas. These instruments have an improved capability for long-term monitoring of flow transience, from tidal to multi-month scales, and geochemical sampling. The funds will be used to build and sea test (a) an electronic optical flow system (OFS) and (b) an enhanced osmotic flow meter system (CAT II) optimized for geochemical sampling (including noble gasses). These two benthic measurement devices can be used in conjunction or separately to measure fluid flow and fluxes of dissolved chemical species of interest in cold seep environments in the following ways: a) real-time fluid flow measurements when used in conjunction with satellite/buoy or cable observatories, b) measurement of transience in fluid flow from tidal to multi-month time scales, c) enhanced seabed coupling with remote collection chambers to negate current induced noise, d) reduced dead space in collection chamber improving response time for geochemical sampling, and e) increased chemical sampling ability with the addition of gas sampling capability for noble gases and methane.The PI will test the new instrumentation in lab simulations, offshore, and in situ through deployment in a seep area where other measurements are available for comparison. The Pi is also actively pursuing a test at a prototype deep-water, acoustically linked, moored-buoy seafloor observatory on the Nootka Fault off Vancouver Island in the Northeast Pacific. The~18 month long moored-buoy site is at an active area of seepage and the buoy will be fitted with an ocean bottom seismometer (OBS), an acoustic-doppler current profiler (ADCP), temperature, chemical sensors, bottom pressure and pore pressure sensors, different types of seep meters, and a conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) sensor. These additional data will enable the PI to correlate his results with several different types fluid flow estimation methods (e.g. the pore pressure sensors) as well as with different potential impulses driving any transience in flow (i.e. tides, ocean currents and seismcity).