U.S.-Korea Cooperative Research: Seismic Hazard Assessment and Seismological Study in the Korean Peninsula using Modern and Historical Earthquake Catalog Data

美韩合作研究：利用现代和历史地震目录数据进行朝鲜半岛地震灾害评估和地震学研究

• 批准号: 0301894
• 负责人: Jer-Ming Chiu
• 金额: $ 4.36万
• 依托单位: University of Memphis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-03-15 至 2007-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0301894&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: U.S.; Korea; Cooperative; Research; Seismic

0301894ChiuA reliable seismic hazard assessment has become an essential scientific and economic issue for the Korean Peninsula as well as for the central and eastern U.S.A. that are considered in a stable intraplate continental environment. Via this joint research effort between the Center for Earthquake Research and Information, the University of Memphis, USA, and the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea, a few most fundamental but not well understood questions concerning earthquake activities in a stable continental region will be studied. These questions include but are not limited to (1) Why significant earthquakes occur in intraplate regions far away from plate boundaries? (2) Can surface geology be correlated to historical and modern earthquake activities? Can active faults be identified from reliably determined seismicity? (3) Are there any recurrence patterns for large intraplate earthquakes in historical records? Will the next large earthquake occur near any previous location? (4) Can historical earthquake information be used to predict the most probable mode of faulting for the next large earthquake and how large the future faulting area will be? (5) What role does the upper mantle structure play in a regional tectonic evolution and in the occurrence of damaging earthquakes? Some of these questions are very difficult to answer in the central and eastern U.S. mainly because of a relatively short period of modern and historical data that is, however, not the case for the Korean Peninsula. A historical earthquake catalog covering over ~2000 years is available for Korea and the modern Korean seismic network is surrounded by one of the world's most seismic active regions including Japan, Ryukyu, Taiwan, and northeastern China. Furthermore, the selection and construction criteria, and safety management of the existing and future critical facilities, e.g. nuclear power plants and high technology centers, in the Korean Peninsula also depend on a reliable seismic hazard assessment which is not only a local problem but has evolved into an international concern. The ultimate goals of this joint NSF-KOSEF project will emphasize on (1) the compilation of a consistent Korean historical earthquake catalog and the conversion of its intensity information to the moment magnitude scale, (2) the evaluation of seismicity and crustal and upper mantle structure beneath the Korean Peninsula using modern seismic network data and their implications for regional tectonic evolution, and (3) an assessment of earthquake hazard in the Korean Peninsula from the revised modern and historical earthquake catalog data. Therefore broader impacts of the proposed research will include (1) a safer site selection and management of numerous critical facilities on the Korean Peninsula that is significant for regional and global environment and economics, and (2) a better understanding of how earthquakes work in a stable continent and its applications to other intraplate regions around the world where long historical earthquake catalog may not be available.

可靠的地震危险性评估已经成为朝鲜半岛以及美国中部和东部的一个重要的科学和经济问题，这些问题被认为是在稳定的板内大陆环境中进行的。通过美国孟菲斯大学地震研究与信息中心和韩国首尔国立大学地球与环境科学学院的联合研究工作，将研究关于稳定大陆地区地震活动的几个最基本但尚未被很好理解的问题。这些问题包括但不限于：(1)为什么重大地震发生在远离板块边界的板内区？(2)地表地质与历史和现代地震活动是否相关？能否从可靠确定的地震活动中识别出活动断层？(3)历史记录中有没有板内大地震的复发模式？下一次大地震是否会发生在任何以前的地点附近？(4)历史地震信息能否用来预测下一次大地震最有可能的断裂方式和未来断裂区的大小？(5)上地幔结构在区域构造演化和破坏性地震发生中起什么作用？其中一些问题在美国中部和东部很难回答，主要是因为现代和历史数据的时间相对较短，但朝鲜半岛的情况并非如此。韩国有超过2000年的历史地震目录，现代朝鲜地震台网被世界上地震最活跃的地区之一所包围，包括日本、琉球、台湾和中国东北部。此外，朝鲜半岛现有和未来的关键设施，如核电站和高科技中心的选择和建设标准以及安全管理也取决于可靠的地震危险评估，这不仅是一个当地问题，而且已经成为一个国际关注的问题。NSF-KOSEF联合项目的最终目标将侧重于：(1)编制一致的韩国历史地震目录并将其烈度信息转换为矩震级，(2)利用现代地震台网数据评估朝鲜半岛以下的地震活动和地壳和上地幔结构及其对区域构造演化的影响，以及(3)根据订正的现代和历史地震目录数据评估朝鲜半岛的地震危险性。因此，拟议研究的更广泛影响将包括：(1)对朝鲜半岛上对区域和全球环境和经济具有重要意义的众多关键设施进行更安全的选址和管理，(2)更好地了解地震在稳定大陆中的作用及其在可能没有长期历史地震目录的世界其他板内地区的应用。