Surface Initiated Polymerization from Nanoparticles: Polymer Brushes on Nanoparticles as Polymeric Building Blocks

纳米颗粒的表面引发聚合：纳米颗粒上的聚合物刷作为聚合物构件

• 批准号: 0306055
• 负责人: Timothy Patten
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-01 至 2006-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0306055&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Surface; Initiated; Polymerization; Nanoparticles; Polymer

Intellectual Merit. With increased interest in nanoscale phenomena has arisen a need to understand how to synthesize and assemble the building blocks of nanoscale materials. There is much information on the synthesis of inorganic nanomaterials, such as semiconductor or magnetic nanoparticles, and there is much information on the synthesis of organic macromolecules that exhibit nanoscale features, such as block copolymer microphase separation domains. A significant challenge now is to create new nanosized building blocks that merge the useful optical and magnetic properties of inorganic nanomaterials with the versatile functionality, reactivity, self-assembly, and mechanical properties of organic nanomaterials. The objective of the proposed research is the synthesis of polymer / nanoparticle building blocks that could be used to assemble more complex materials. The specific aims of this proposal are (1) to develop initiator attachment strategies that are applicable to nanoparticles with photoluminescent and magnetic properties, such as CdSe and g-Fe2O3; (2) to further the science of brush synthesis including an in depth look at the polymerization of acrylates from nanoparticle initiators and the grafting of block copolymers from nanoparticle surfaces; and (3) to develop methods to graft reactive monomers from nanoparticle surfaces which can then be used to assemble patterns of nanoparticles on complementary functionalized surfaces or to build complex assemblies of nanoparticles.Broader Impact. This research will contribute to knowledge about how to prepare and assemble matter on the nanometer scale. Polymer layers will be grown from the exterior of nanoparticles that exhibit interesting magnetic and optical properties, and then the chemical functionality of the polymer will be used to interact the nanoparticles selectively with patterned surfaces and with other nanoparticles. Such syntheses and assembly processes could be used as tools to construct devices with sizes ranging from tens of nanometers to microns. The resulting materials could also be used as components of biological and chemical sensors, materials for flexible and energy efficient displays, or magnetic resonance and optical imaging agents.This research project will provide training and career advancement for graduate and undergraduate students in the important areas of polymer science and nanoscience, and the students will gain important research skills. The PI and student participants in this project will also work to promote learning about polymer / materials science at the high school level through involvement in the COSMOS Program at UC Davis. During one of the summers of the project period, the PI will design and teach a short course entitled "Polymers and Everyday Things" to be offered to the participating high school students. Participating graduate students will help out with some of the laboratory exercises and field trips. It is hoped that an early, stimulating experience with polymer / materials science will encourage more students to pursue studying science (and materials science) when they attend college.

知识价值。随着人们对纳米现象的兴趣日益浓厚，人们需要了解如何合成和组装纳米材料的基本组成部分。有很多关于无机纳米材料合成的信息，如半导体或磁性纳米颗粒，也有很多关于有机大分子合成的信息，表现出纳米尺度的特征，如嵌段共聚物微相分离域。现在的一个重大挑战是创造新的纳米级构建块，将无机纳米材料的有用的光学和磁性与有机纳米材料的多功能、反应性、自组装性和机械性能结合起来。这项研究的目标是合成聚合物/纳米颗粒构建块，用于组装更复杂的材料。本提案的具体目标是：(1)开发适用于具有光致发光和磁性质的纳米颗粒（如CdSe和g-Fe2O3）的引发剂附着策略；(2)进一步发展电刷合成的科学，包括深入研究纳米颗粒引发剂聚合丙烯酸酯和纳米颗粒表面接枝嵌段共聚物；(3)开发从纳米颗粒表面接枝活性单体的方法，这些方法可用于在互补的功能化表面上组装纳米颗粒的图案或构建复杂的纳米颗粒组件。更广泛的影响。这项研究将有助于了解如何在纳米尺度上制备和组装物质。聚合物层将从表现出有趣的磁性和光学特性的纳米颗粒的外部生长出来，然后聚合物的化学功能将被用来选择性地与有图案的表面和其他纳米颗粒相互作用。这样的合成和组装过程可以用作制造尺寸从几十纳米到微米的设备的工具。由此产生的材料也可以用作生物和化学传感器的组件，柔性和节能显示器的材料，或磁共振和光学成像剂。该研究项目将为高分子科学和纳米科学重要领域的研究生和本科生提供培训和职业发展，学生将获得重要的研究技能。该项目的PI和学生参与者还将通过参与加州大学戴维斯分校的COSMOS计划，努力促进高中阶段聚合物/材料科学的学习。在项目期间的一个夏天，PI将设计并教授一门名为“聚合物和日常用品”的短期课程，提供给参与的高中生。参与的研究生将协助进行一些实验练习和实地考察。希望早期的高分子/材料科学的刺激体验将鼓励更多的学生在进入大学后继续学习科学（和材料科学）。