Using Declarative Machine Descriptions in a Retargetable Optimizing Compiler

计算机程序是用高级编程语言编写的，但要运行，它必须被翻译成机器语言。 每一种机器-台式计算机、手机、掌上电脑-都有不同的机器语言，需要不同的翻译器。 目前，每一个翻译器都必须由一位专门从事翻译和机器语言的专家编写。 这个项目将开发的方法，翻译可以写没有这样的双重专业知识。 一个只了解机器的专家会写一个 * 声明性 * 描述，说明机器做什么。 该项目的软件将分析这一描述，并机械地产生组件，供只懂翻译的专家使用。 因为这种方法关键依赖于描述的正确性，该项目还将开发技术，以机械方式检查描述是否与真实的硬件一致。 其描述和分析将使得机器专家的工作能够在许多不同的翻译器（和其他应用）中被重用，并且翻译专家的工作能够容易地应用于许多不同的机器。 新机器的翻译器将比现在更快、更可靠、更容易开发出来。

A computer program is written in a high-level *programming* *language*, but to be run, it must be translated into a *machine* *language*. Each kind of machine---desktop computer, cell phone, handheld computer---has a different machine language and needs a different translator. At present, each translator must be written by an expert who specializes *both* in translation *and* in machine language. This project will develop methods by which a translator can be written without such double expertise. An expert who knows only about the machine will write a *declarative* description that says what the machine does. The project's software will analyze this description and mechanically produce components to be used by an expert who knows only about translation. Because this approach relies crucially on the description's being correct, the project will also develop techniques for mechanically checking that the description is consistent with real hardware. The descriptions and the analysis thereof will enable the machine expert's work to be reused in many different translators (and other applications) and the translation expert's work to be readily applied to many different machines. Translators for new machines will be developed more quickly, more reliably, and with less effort than at present.