Declarative Graph Query Language support for Web and Blockchain Decentralized Applications, Analytics, and Compliance

声明式图形查询语言支持 Web 和区块链去中心化应用程序、分析和合规性

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-06983
• 负责人: Consens, Mariano
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=759641
• 关键词: Declarative; Graph; Query; Language; support

Blockchain enabled smart contracts and decentralized applications (dApps) provide a level of trust without intermediation and have the potential to benefit industries, government, and society. Blockchains, or Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs), consists of participants in a network that store ledger replicas and come to consensus on the validity of a sequence of blocks (of cryptographically signed transactions) chained by hash pointers. As DLTs domains diversify, more complex dApps transacting across multiple blockchains (public and private) are emerging. The objectives of our research are to develop graph-based query languages techniques and tools to address the data management challenges emerging from increasingly complex decentralized applications over public and private blockchains, and across diverse domains. We address three complementary research themes. Theme 1) We will investigate how graph query languages extended with blockchain specific constructs can bring benefits to blockchain dApps. Our previous experience defining and implementing graph traversal languages suggests that query languages with carefully designed expressiveness can be efficiently implemented, supporting optimization and scalability techniques. The richness of the information present within and around blockchains fits well with graph models (e.g., the participants form a network, and the transactions inputs, outputs, and other execution properties define complex information graphs). Theme 2) In addition to improving the support for transactional queries in scripts, our research will look at the opportunities for supporting analytics in the context of DLTs. Supporting a variety of analytic, visualization, and machine learning techniques in DLTs will require pipelines extracting, validating, and transforming data from multiple blockchains and data stores. Theme 3) We plan to build upon our recent work in query-based compliance over privacy logs to develop new techniques to address privacy, compliance, accountability, and enforcement issues in DLTs. Our approach will formalize these new problems and develop new language proposals, attempting to characterize the theoretical properties that are relevant in practical applications. We will implement prototypes and contribute to open source development efforts. We will validate our proposals experimentally, developing novel benchmarks when needed. Our experiments will use real data (public blockchains are a rich source). Our research will provide graph-based query solutions to address key blockchain data challenges, aiming to facilitate the development and analysis of scalable, data rich dApps. We expect that our research results and our open source contributions will have a significant impact on blockchain technology providers and adopters.

区块链支持的智能合同和去中心化应用程序(Dapp)在没有中介的情况下提供了一定程度的信任，并有可能造福行业、政府和社会。区块链或分布式分类账技术(DLTS)由网络中的参与者组成，该网络存储分类账副本，并就由散列指针链接的一系列块(以密码方式签名的交易)的有效性达成共识。随着DLTS领域的多样化，跨多个区块链(公共和私有)进行交易的更复杂的Dapp正在涌现。我们研究的目标是开发基于图形的查询语言技术和工具，以应对在公共和私有区块链上以及跨不同领域的日益复杂的分散应用程序中出现的数据管理挑战。我们解决了三个互补的研究主题。主题1)我们将调查扩展了区块链特定构造的图形查询语言如何为区块链Dapp带来好处。我们之前定义和实现图遍历语言的经验表明，可以有效地实现具有精心设计的表达能力的查询语言，支持优化和可伸缩技术。区块链内部和周围存在的信息的丰富性很好地符合图形模型(例如，参与者形成网络，事务输入、输出和其他执行属性定义复杂的信息图形)。主题2)除了改进对脚本中的事务性查询的支持外，我们的研究还将研究在DLT环境中支持分析的机会。在DLT中支持各种分析、可视化和机器学习技术将需要从多个区块链和数据存储中提取、验证和转换数据的管道。主题3)我们计划在隐私日志的基于查询的合规性方面的最新工作的基础上，开发新的技术来解决DLT中的隐私、合规性、问责制和执法问题。我们的方法将形式化这些新的问题，并开发新的语言建议，试图表征在实际应用中相关的理论性质。我们将实现原型，并为开放源码开发工作做出贡献。我们将在实验中验证我们的建议，在需要时开发新的基准。我们的实验将使用真实数据(公共区块链是一个丰富的来源)。我们的研究将提供基于图形的查询解决方案，以应对关键的区块链数据挑战，旨在促进可扩展、数据丰富的Dapp的开发和分析。我们预计，我们的研究成果和我们的开源贡献将对区块链技术提供商和采用者产生重大影响。