SGER: Analysis, Evaluation, and Process Studies of the Community Atmospheric Model Simulations

这项研究旨在推进气候建模的两个重要领域的知识。第一个是降低未来预测气候信息的尺度，第二个是中尺度和云尺度模拟，以改进CCSM CAM(社区气候系统模式)大气模式中的云和辐射参数。1)目前，气候预测是使用耦合的大气和海洋大气环流模式来完成的，该模式在约200公里的水平空间尺度上产生未来气候信息。然而，为了评估未来气候对环境和社会制度的潜在影响，需要在小得多的区域范围内提供信息，即大约比全球气候监测系统的信息小1至2个数量级。这项研究考察了统计-动力学方法，将一般(全球)环流模式(GCM)的结果缩小到区域尺度。NCAR CCSM和PCM(并行气候模式)将提供全球、过程尺度的模拟。这项研究将集中在北美地区，缩小尺度的信息将与该地区的现有观测进行比较。2)将与威斯康星大学进行合作研究，以检查控制威斯康星云解析模式(CRM)中的云模拟和CCSM CAM中的参数化的机制的细节。这项工作将包括对CRM结果的检查，包括详细的能量、质量和云微物理预算。将使用简化版本的CCSM；复制CAM-2物理模型的单柱模型，和/或耦合到平板海洋模型的CAM-2。这项研究之所以重要，是因为如果成功，它将能够更可靠地预测气候多变性和气候变化，这是评估气候多变性和气候变化对区域空间尺度的影响所必需的。此外，CCSM是一个被100多名科学家使用的模型，它的改进将使整个气候研究界受益。

This research seeks to advance knowledge in two important areas of climate modeling. The first involves downscaling of future projected climate information and the second involves meso and cloud scale modeling to improve the cloud and radiation parameterizations in the CCSM CAM (Community Climate System Model (CCSM) Atmospheric Model).1) Currently, climate projections are accomplished using coupled atmospheric and oceanic general circulation models (GCMs), which produce future climate information on horizontal spatial scales of about 200 km. However, in order to assess the potential impacts of future climates on the environment and on social systems, information is required on much smaller regional scales, i.e., roughly 1 to 2 orders of magnitude smaller that those of the GCMs. The study examines statistical-dynamical methods to downscale general (global) circulation model (GCM) results to regional scales. The NCAR CCSM and PCM (Parallel Climate Model) will provide the global, course scale, simulations. The research will focus on the North American region and downscaled information will be compared to available observations for this region.2) Collaborative research with the University of Wisconsin will be conducted to examine the details of the mechanisms that control the simulations of clouds in the Wisconsin Cloud Resolving Model (CRM) and the parameterizations in the CCSM CAM. The work will include an examination of the CRM results, including the detailed energy, mass and cloud microphysics budgets. Simplified versions of CCSM will be used; the single column model that replicates the CAM-2 physics, and/or the CAM-2 coupled to a slab ocean model. This research is important because, if successful, it will enable more credible projections of climate variability and change, which is a requirement for assessing the impacts of climate variability and change on regional spatial scales. Moreover, the CCSM is a model used by over 100 scientists and its improvement will benefit the climate research community at-large.